在雅思作文中，Grammatical range and accuracy作為四大評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一，在大家的屠鴨道路上占有者舉足輕重的地位。對(duì)于語(yǔ)法這一項(xiàng)來(lái)說(shuō)，大家往往認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的從句是體現(xiàn)自己語(yǔ)法功底的機(jī)會(huì)，但殊不知，一些靈活短小的句型更能吸引考官的注意力。那如何才能實(shí)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)短結(jié)合，短小精悍還能體現(xiàn)不同的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)呢？就讓我們來(lái)學(xué)幾個(gè)把普通的從句變化成更能體現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法能力的心機(jī)句型。

首先讓我們看一下《九分達(dá)人3》中高分范文在語(yǔ)法上給我們的提示：

Many people hold the opinion that health care should be free. They argue that, if health care is free, people will not have to worry about the expensive health care expense. This is particularly important for economically disadvantaged people. With free health care, they can go to hospital whenever they find there is anything wrong with their health without worrying about money.

這是節(jié)選自政府類章節(jié)中一篇范文的語(yǔ)段，讀起來(lái)是不是朗朗上口，不是從句套從句，沒(méi)有審美疲勞。那大家發(fā)現(xiàn)什么替換方面的小技巧了嗎？下面我們來(lái)一一揭秘。

去掉there be句型

There be 句型很容易使用，但也很容易被濫用。在考場(chǎng)作文中我們可以見(jiàn)到大量there be 引導(dǎo)的句子，但它們絕大多數(shù)可以精簡(jiǎn)。比如第一句，很多同學(xué)可能就會(huì)寫(xiě)：There are many people who hold the opinion that ...但是這個(gè)句型就可以精簡(jiǎn)為Many people hold the opinion that...

此外很多同學(xué)喜歡在小作文的第一段用there be句型來(lái)描述圖畫(huà)中的內(nèi)容，例如：There is a line graph which illustrates the changes of temperature in China.我們可以將句子改為：The picture depicts changes of temperature in China.

there be 句型一般表示“某地有某物”，在修改時(shí)，可以使用一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞進(jìn)行替換（比如上面句子中的 abound ）。再比如：There were more foreign students in the classroom than the natives.可以改寫(xiě)為：Foreign students outnumbered the natives in the classroom.

除了去掉 there be 結(jié)構(gòu)之外，這里還使用 outnumber 來(lái)代替 more...than... 這一個(gè)比較結(jié)構(gòu)。類似的詞還有 outlive, outshine, outclass, outgrow, outperform 等。

替換if從句

If從句意為“如果……那么……”，這一句型在雅思寫(xiě)作中有大量應(yīng)用。比如范文中的if health care is free, people will not have to worry about the expensive health care expense. 但是如果頻繁使用，效果就沒(méi)有那么好了，那么就采用一些技巧將if從句進(jìn)行變換，比如with 結(jié)構(gòu)：With free health care, they can go to hospital whenever they find there is anything wrong with their health. 其實(shí)在很多同學(xué)腦子里的第一反應(yīng)應(yīng)該是if health care is free, they can go to hospital whenever ...

再舉個(gè)例子：If we fail to solve environmental problems, future generations will suffer.可以將if we fail to do something替換為名詞表達(dá)failure to do something，同時(shí)對(duì)相應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行詞性變換，這樣可以讓句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊，表達(dá)效果更好：Failure to solve environmental problems will cause/result in the suffering of future generations.

再舉個(gè)例子：If the government intervenes, house prices will decrease.可以將If the government intervenes改為名詞形式government intervention，句子可以改為：Government intervention will push down house prices.

以上就是范文中提示我們?cè)诰湫妥儞Q的兩個(gè)小方法。此外，在雅思作文中although/even though從句也是一個(gè)同學(xué)們非常非常喜歡的表達(dá)方式。 但是受中文表達(dá)習(xí)慣影響，很多人容易將although/even though與but連用，避免出現(xiàn)這一問(wèn)題的方法是對(duì)它們進(jìn)行替換，這樣在句式上也會(huì)更加多樣。

舉個(gè)例子：Although the city has many problems, it is still the best place for the young and ambitious.我們可以用despite/in spite of+名詞表達(dá)的形式來(lái)代替although從句：In spite of / despite its many problems, the city is still the best place for the young and ambitious.

又比如：Although he did not receive formal education, he is a good actor and director.我們可以將它改為：He is a good actor and director in spite of his lack of formal education.

最后除了 there be 句型之外，定語(yǔ)從句在考場(chǎng)作文中的使用頻率也非常高。我們可以使用非謂語(yǔ)形式來(lái)對(duì)一些定語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行替換。舉個(gè)例子：Because of traffic congestion, commuters have to spend long hours on the road, which leads to lost productivity.可以將which leads to…這部分替換為現(xiàn)在分詞形式leading to… 即：Because of traffic congestion, commuters have to spend long hours on the road, leading to lost productivity.在寫(xiě)作時(shí)可以嘗試著將不必要的關(guān)系代詞刪除，或者將其轉(zhuǎn)換為分詞結(jié)構(gòu)或名詞詞組，這樣會(huì)更加簡(jiǎn)潔有力。

靈活運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法，盡量用小結(jié)構(gòu)取代長(zhǎng)難句就是我們語(yǔ)法方面更上一層樓的宗旨啦，大家快點(diǎn)通過(guò)多多總結(jié)這些替換的方法，運(yùn)用到自己的作文中來(lái)吧！