1.       替換原則

1）. 詞性的替換

a) 名詞和動詞的替換

e.g. According to the accommodation rules, _________ can’t be changed.

原文:You must remember that no changes can be made to the meal time.

b)名詞和形容詞的替換

e.g. _________ is a necessity.

原文:It’s necessary to protect the environment.

2). 數(shù)字的替換

e.g. Most bottle makers use about __% recycled glass.

原文為Er, the bottles made in most places contain about three-quarters new glass and the rest is recycled.

還有: a quarter=1/4=25%

     In the 1900s=in the 20th century

     Score=20  Dozen=12   Decade=10

3). 語態(tài)的替換

e.g.___________________  provides work for 30 million people

原文: 30 million people earn a living by growing coffee.

4). 同義詞和詞組的替換

 e.g. The pressure on the coastal zone resulted from________..

原文: The population shift contributed a lot to the pressure on the coastal zone.

其它如fee-charge; permit-allow; : scientist -researcher; disadvantage-downside; sign-indication