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閱讀感受：有些抽象，但是有意義；示例太少。 閱讀建議：如果對Edward De Bono的思想框架比較熟悉，可以直接最后一章的全書總結(jié)。我自己還是認真讀了，寫這個書評的時候又略讀一遍。 ~~~~~ 在Books for Living 的推薦下，閱讀了Edward De Bono的 Lateral Thinking，有受益。剛好，最近一直感覺自己的思維有些僵化，需要elasticity，就尋來 Edward De Bono 這位creativity大師的其他著作，幫自己破破局。 作者在 Textbook of Wisdom這本書中，明確了很多相關(guān)概念（creativity, cleverness, widsom, perception, logic bubble, provocation, paralel thinking, edge effect, design...為保持文本的整體性，這些跟其它書目中的內(nèi)容有重復），指出了語言和概念的局限性，也討論了希臘三位哲學家的思維邏輯，對創(chuàng)造力和智慧的限制。智慧就是要突破傳統(tǒng)思維的束縛，開拓認知，多維度的理解自己周邊的世界，發(fā)現(xiàn)或者創(chuàng)造其它可選項和可能性。通過design步驟，設(shè)計出前行的路徑，做出抉擇，并付諸行動...  下面是作者的幾個關(guān)鍵論點： The whole purpose of wisdom is to lay out the inner world and outer world in such a way that you can make choices. 智慧的全部意義在于以它讓我們能夠以智慧的方式，審視內(nèi)在世界和外在世界，然后做出選擇。 Wisdom is more about designing a way forward than about discovering the truth. Some problems have causes, find them and remove them. Some problems where causes cannot be easily identified or removed. We need to design a way forward leaving the cause in place. 智慧，更多是設(shè)計前進的道路，而不是發(fā)現(xiàn)真相。一些問題有其原因，找到并消除它們，就可以解決問題。還有一些問題，其原因無法輕易識別或消除，我們要對原因不做深究，而是去設(shè)計出一條前行的路徑。 Wisdom is not instead of logic. Wisdom is the operation system of perception. Logic only begins when perception ends. If our perceptions are wrong then no amount of logical excellence will give the right answer. 智慧與邏輯并無對立。只是智慧是個洞察的運行系統(tǒng)。Perception不對，再嚴謹?shù)倪壿嬕膊荒墚a(chǎn)生對的結(jié)果。 Cleverness is sharp focus, wisdom is wide angle. Wisdom is largely about 'broadening' perception. Most of the mistakes in thinking are mistakes in perception. 聰明是精準的聚焦，而智慧則提供一個寬泛角度。智慧很大程度上跟拓展視角和加深洞察直接相關(guān)。絕大多數(shù)的錯誤，是視角的錯誤。關(guān)于如何主動拓展和加深perception，我們要問自己下面的幾個問題：
Parallel thinking is laying down different views, values and possibilities in parallel. 平行思維，將不同的觀點，價值和可能性做平行兼容處理，而非相互對立。就像出門度假多帶outfits，不一定都用得上，到時再選，再做決定。 The edge effect suggests that the first step may be very difficult or very tempting. Wisdom insists that you look forward into the future. “邊緣效應(yīng)表明，第一步可能非常困難或非常誘人。智慧則堅持讓你著眼于未來。 Our feelings and emotions alter the chemical balance in the brain so that certain areas are more sensitized and therefore ready to be activated. Our perception then follows this sensitization or biasing. It is not that we choose to see things in a way that fits our emotions. 我們的感覺和情緒會改變大腦的化學平衡，使某些區(qū)域更加敏感，容易被激活。這些敏感化或偏向會影響我們的認知。并不是我們選擇以符合情緒的方式看待事物(而是，情緒制造認知偏差)。 We need judgement to find our way through life. The danger is an excessive emphasis on rigid acceptances and rejections, and not enough attention to design. 我們需要判斷力來引導我們的人生。使用判斷的危險在于，過度強調(diào)僵化的接受或拒絕，而忽略對設(shè)計的關(guān)注。 作者對希臘哲學家思維規(guī)則的批判，我覺得很有意思。也許是時候讀哲學著作了。The Greek Gang of Three formalized the thinking habits that we use to this day. Socrates was concerned with argument and with removing 'untruth'. He felt that if you removed all 'untruth' through critical attack, then you must be left with the 'truth'. Plato was concerned with the 'inner truth' within things and with the search for that truth... Aristotle put everything together as an operating system. There were categories and definitions that were set up by experience and clarified by argument. When you came across something, you 'judged' which box that something belonged. Then you knew exactly what to do about it. The key danger of the judgement-box system is arrogance. We need to use the 'boxes' to help us but not to imprison us. |
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