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高考英語語法專題講與練之代詞

 唯美素材 2022-11-23 發(fā)布于河北

高考英語語法專題講與練?專題三  代詞

代詞的分類

代詞類別

例詞

功能

人稱代詞

主格

I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they

作主語

賓格

me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them

作賓語

物主代詞

形容詞性

my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their

作定語

名詞性

mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs

作主語、賓語、表語

反身代詞

myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves

作賓語、表語、同位語

不定代詞

some, any, no, either, neither, all, none, each, somebody, no one, everybody, much, many, other(s), another

視情況而定,一般可作定語、主語、賓語等

疑問代詞

what, who, whose, whom, which, whatever, whichever ,whoever, whomever

可作主語、賓語、定語等

指示代詞

this, that, these, those

作主語、賓語、定語、表語

相互代詞

each other, one another

作賓語

關系代詞

that, who, whom, whose, which

連接定語從句

一、人稱代詞的用法

1. 作主語用主格,作賓語用賓格。如:

She teaches us English.她教我們英語。

2. 在句中作表語,常用賓格,但有時用主格。如:

—Who is it? 誰呀?

—It’s me. 是我。

It was I who told him about it. 是我告訴他這件事的。(強調句型)

3. it的用法

用法說明

例句

1

作人稱代詞,指代前面提到的事物

This is not my book. It is mary’s. 這不是我的書,是瑪莉的。

2

替代指示代詞thisthat

—What’s this? 這是什么?  —It’s a dictionary. 這是一本字典。

—Whose jacket is that? 那是誰的夾克?  —It is hers. 是她的。

3

指人

—Who is knocking at the door? 誰在敲門?  —It’s me. 是我。

The baby no more cried as soon as it saw its mother. 那個嬰兒一看到他()的媽媽就不哭了。

4

指時間、距離、天氣、環(huán)境等

—What’s the time now? 現在幾點鐘?  —It’s ten past eight. 8:10。

It’s getting colder and colder now. 現在變得越來越冷了。

It’s about ten minutes’ walk from my home to the school. 從我家到學校步行大約要十分鐘。

It is very quiet at the moment. 目前很安靜。

5

指代前面整個句子的內容

Our team won the football match. Have you heard about it? 我們隊贏得了足球賽。你聽說了嗎?

6

表示“喜歡、恨”等心理方面的動詞,后面跟it后再跟從句,其從句作it的同位語

I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand. 如果你能幫我一個忙,我將十分感激。

I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 我不喜歡人們滿嘴是食物的時候說話。

I like it in autumn when the weather is clear and bright. 我喜歡秋天,那時候的天氣晴朗。

7

(未指明但談話雙方心里都明白的)那件事、那種情況

How is it (=your life/your work) going? 情況怎樣?

—Do you like it here? 你喜歡這里嗎? 

—Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. 哦,當然。這里的空氣、天氣、生活方式——一切都是這么美好。

8

It還可用作形式主語、形式賓語以代替主語從句、賓語從句、不定式短語、動名詞短語等

It’s impossible to get there in time. 及時到達那兒是不可能的。

I find it strange that she doesn’t want to go. 我發(fā)現她不想去,真奇怪。

二、物主代詞的用法

1. 形容詞性物主代詞——作定語

This is our classroom. 這是我們的教室。

His father is an engineer. 他父親是位工程師。

2. 名詞性物主代詞

所作成分

例句

主語

This is her coat. Mine is over there. 這是她的上衣,我的在那邊。

賓語

Something has gone wrong with my bike. May I use yours? 我的自行車出了點毛病,我能用你的嗎?

表語

This book isn’t mine; it’s Tom’s. 這本書不是我的,是湯姆的。

注意:

(1) 英語中必須有形容詞性物主代詞,而漢語中往往省略不譯。如:

Jack took off hiscoat and went to bed. 杰克脫掉外套就上床睡覺了。

(2) of+名詞性物主代詞”可用作定語。如:

Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party. 我的一些朋友將出席我的生日聚會。

三、反身代詞的用法

所作成分

例句

1

賓語

動賓

Tom taught himself Chinese. 湯姆自學漢語。

介賓

She loves me for myself, not for my money. 她喜歡的是我,不是我的錢。

2

表語

She is not quite herself today. 她今天有些不舒服。

3

同位語

I myself can repair the bike. 我自己會修自行車。

The table itself has only three legs. 這張桌子本身只有三條腿。

四、指示代詞的用法

1. 時空的差別。如:

There is this seat here, near me, or there is that one in the fourth row. Which will you have, this or that? 靠近我的這個座位,還是第四排的那個座位,你選哪一個,這個還是那個?

2. thisthat在行文敘述上的差別。如:

I shall say this to you: he is a poor man. 我要跟你說的是,他是一個可憐的人。

He was ill. That’s why he didn’t come. 他生病了,那就是沒來的原因。

3. thatthose用于表比較的結構。如:

The weather of Zhanjiang is better than that of my hometown. 湛江的天氣比我家鄉(xiāng)的好。

TV sets made in Nanjing are better than those made here. 南京生產的電視機比在這里生產的電視機好。

4. 在打電話時,通常用 this 指自己,用 that 指對方。如:

Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是約翰嗎?

五、不定代詞的用法

可數

one, each, many, both, another, either, neither, (a) few

不可數

much, (a) little

可數/不可數

none, any, other, all, some

復合不定代詞

anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing

1. none, no onenothing的用法區(qū)別

(1) none既可指人,也可指物,且一定是特定概念,常用來回答how many/much引導的疑問句;no one只能指人,且只能是泛指概念,常用來回答who引導的疑問句;nothing“什么也沒有”,否定一切,常用來回答what引導的疑問句。如:

—How many people are there in the room now? 現在房間里有多少人?  —None. 一個人都沒有。

—Who is in the room? 誰在房間里?  —No one / Nobody. 沒有人。

—What’s in your schoolbag? 你書包有啥呢?  —Nothing. 啥都沒有。

(2) none后面可加of引導的介詞短語,而something / anything / everything / nothing / someone / anyone / everyone / no one卻不能。如:

It is none of my business! 這不關我事。

2. eachevery的用法區(qū)別

(1) each強調“個體”,具有代詞和形容詞的作用;every強調“全體”,只能作定語。each作同位語時,不影響謂語動詞的數。不可用not each來表示部分否定,而用not every表示部分否定。如:

The tickets each cost ten dollars. 這些票每張要10美元。(each作同位語)

(2) every還可表示“每……的、每……中的”,下列說法中只能用every

every year or two 每一兩年

every now and then 時常

every other day 每隔一天

one car to every 20 people 20人乘一輛車

Choose one out of every ten boys. 10個男孩中選一個。

3. another, other, the other, othersthe others的用法區(qū)別

不定代詞

意義

用法說明

another

再一個,另一個

指同類事物中的另一個,用作代詞或形容詞。如:I don’t like this coat. Show me another, please.

other

另外的

只作定語,常與復數名詞或不可數名詞連用;但如果前面有the, this, that, some, any, each, every, no, one以及my, your, his等時,則可與單數名詞連用。如:any other plant, every other day

the other

兩者中的另一個

常與one連用,構成one…the other… 一個……另一個……;作定語修飾復數名詞時,表示“全部其余的”

others

泛指別的人或物

other的復數形式,泛指別的人或物(但不是全部),不能作定語,構成some…others… 一些……另一些……

the others

特指其余的人或物

the other的復數形式,特指其余的人或物

4. both, all, either, any, neithernone的用法區(qū)別

任何

都不

兩者

both

either

neither

兩者(以上)

all

any

none

如:

I had to buy all these books because I didn’t know which one was the best. 我不得不把這些書都買下來,因為我不知道哪一本最好。

It is easy to do the repair. All you need is a hammer and some nails. 做這個修理工作很容易你所需要的是一把錘子和一些釘子。

I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but neither of them came. 我邀請喬和琳達吃晚飯,但是他們兩個一個都沒來。

—Which of the three ways shall take to the village? 三條路中哪一條通往那個村子?

—Any way as you please. 任何一條都可以。

We had three sets of the garden tools but we seemed to have no use for any. 我們有三套園藝工具,但是我們沒有怎么使用它們。

5. one, ones, the one, the ones, thatthose的用法區(qū)別

one用來替代前面出現的單數名詞,是泛指概念,相當于“a/an+單數名詞”;ones用來替代前面出現的復數名詞,有時可用that代替(尤其在有后置定語的情況下);the ones用來替代前面特指的復數名詞,有時可用those代替(尤其在有后置定語的情況下)that用來替代前面出現的特指的單數可數名詞或特指的不可數名詞,相當于“the+單數/不可數名詞”。如:

Mr. Zhang gave me a very valuable present, one (=a present) that I have never seen. 張先生給了我一件十分珍貴的禮物,這件禮物是我從未見過的。

Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents, ones (=many presents) that I have never seen. 張先生給了我許多珍貴的禮物,它們是我從未見過的。

The book on the desk is better than that/the one under the desk. 桌子上的那本書比桌子下的那本好。

The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk. 桌子上的那些書比桌子下的那些好。

考點練透

1.Then the driver stood up and asked, “Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear! It’s _______ (I).” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.

2.Data about the moon’s composition could help China decide whether _______ (it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.

3.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It surely does in_______ (I).

4.Do not have a drink or take drugs to calm ____________ (you) down.

5.I would appreciate __________ if you can recommend a pen pal to me.

6.Nervously ______ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to______ (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.

7.But otherwise...it’s probably running. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ________ a try.

8.(2022·江西·模擬預測)________ (it) large size and round face are also adaptations to its bamboo diet.

9.(2022·廣西桂林·二模)Netizens were fascinated by the video’s ________ (amaze) combination of winter sports and traditional Chinese characters, highlighting ________   (they) own unique characteristics and placing them alongside a wide range of sporting venues and cultural elements, including New Year paintings, Peking Opera, and ink-and-wash paintings.

10.(2022年全國乙卷) The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ______ (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.

11.Always keep __________ in mind that a measure of hope will take you through the unpleasant situation.

12.My son was excited, but I felt helpless. I didn’t have that kind of money. __________ was going to cost $300!

13.At that moment a young lady who noticed my book came up to me and introduced __________.

14.The whole performance is staged entirely upon the lake __________(it) with hills as the background.

15.Anyway, for more and more consumers, cash is no longer __________(they) habit.

16.Due to __________(it) humor and irony(諷刺), Xiangsheng has spread far and wide.

17.Jiang’s parents will help take care of Jiang’s daughter, and as they age, Jiang and his wife will help take care of __________(they).

18.Kekexili is China’s largest and the world’s third largest uninhabited area. The view of mountains, glaciers and lakes all in the same area makes __________ a paradise in terms of natural beauty.

19.The boy ran away from the room, screaming out in terror, direct to home and hid ________(he) in his closet.

20.In __________(him) forties, he was tired of his various businesses.

21.The full moons on Jan. 2 and Jan. 31 will be super __________(one) and even they’ll be blue super moons.

22.Huangshan Mountain is famous for __________ (it) four unique scenes.

23.The girl, however, would not follow __________(they) words.

24.The teacher told them to help __________(they) to the coffee.

25.________can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn’t love it.

26.A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than ________ (that) who are not.

27.An important factor ________ (affect) happiness is the tendency to compare one’s situation with ________ of other people.

28.An important factor affecting happiness is the tendency to compare one’s situation with ________ of other people.

29.By the age of 23, she has visited all the countries in an effort to challenge ________(she) and push the limits of ________ she believed was possible for a female traveler.

30.Taking regular exercise is one good way to help us keep fit and having a balanced diet is________ .

31.He lent me a few books, but________ of them are easy to read.

32.I came across a good friend of ________ (I) in the square the other day, but we didn’t talk much because he was rushing to catch the bus .

33.I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacturer that could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by________ (I).

34.Nowadays, school safety is a hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon,________ calling for our great concern.

35.Generally, people define a successful life as being happy, healthy, and able to enjoy life to________ (it)fullest.

36.In his letter, he thanked________ (I) for my appreciating his work.

37.—My ruler is broken. Can I borrow________ (you)?

—Of course. Here________ is.

38.________ is believed that it was his ability to work under pressure that led to his great success.

39.No one is greater than Hawking, because he has reshaped________ (we) understanding of what it means to be those who are broken in body but firm in spirit.

40.________ suddenly occurred to him that________ was bad manners to argue with the teacher before he figured out the problem.

41.Despite________ (he) old age, Jack is still in better shape than many young men.

42.I hate________ when she calls me at work-I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with________(she).

43.Recently, as ________ (I) grandmother became ill, I found ________ (I) spending more time in the hospital.

44.She recognized ________ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm.

45.You can ask anyone for help. ________here is willing to lend you a hand.

46.Raise your leg and let ________stay in the air for seconds.

47.If you're buying a today’s paper from the stand, could you get ________for me?

48.—Are you going to invite Jack to our party?

—No, but he’s welcome to come along, providing that he behaves________(he).

49.To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then ________of her colleagues.

50.Besides , people on the WeChat are more likely to compare(they) ________ with others ,which will make them feel bad when finding some people seem to be successful.

51.It’s an either-or situation-we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do________

52.Some people buy cloth shoes out of nostalgia (懷舊), while________(other) trust their quality.

53.Anyway,________is time to get outside to experience summer together with fun family activities.

54.Each medal has carvings of the Olympic rings on one side. The rings represent the pursuit of unity and harmony, and they also ....The________side of the medals has the Beijing 2022 emblem at the center.

55.At that moment an attractive young lady who noticed my book came up to me and introduced ________(her). 

56.People pick up the bikes and then ride and drop ________off anywhere they like, locking the back wheel, with no need to find a fixed place.

57.The Chinese have known about the benefits of green tea since ancient times, and they use ________to treat everything from headaches to depression. 

58.________is found that an average of 28 million metric tons of Saharan dust falls in South America’s Amazon Basin each year. 

59.In the next few years, Hangzhou will try its best to prepare________(it)for the big show. 

60.However, while ________is fun to keep up with the latest news, we may actually be putting ourselves in danger. 

61.When writing, many calligraphers will forget all worries and even ________ (they), combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art. 

62.On this day, dragons, a prominent totem (圖騰) in Chinese culture raise ________ (they) heads with the sound of thunder.

63.The meeting will be held in September, but ________knows the date for sure.

64.When you come to Zhangjiajie, you can fully appreciate ________ (it) magnificent natural scenery and experience appealing folk custom as well as other thrilling tourist activities. 

65.In his letter, Jin introduced ________(he) and Yiwu.

66.I’ll spend half of my holiday practicing my oral English and the ________half programming.

67.It seems that the cost of renting a house in Tokyo is much higher than ________in any other city.  

68.More and more people are willing to shop online to get what they want, and I am one of ________ (they). 

69.When you introduce me to the businessman, could you please say ________for me?

70.It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which ________of his parents spoke the language.

71.The witness was asked a lot of questions by the policeman,but she didn't answer ________of them.

72.Your captain is the team star! Working with ________(other) is really a piece of cake.

73.If the seniors do everything for the juniors,we won't acquire the ability of protecting ________(we).

74.A number of Olympic high technologies have been applied for the first time in Beijing to ensure ________(it) goal of carbon neutrality.

75.In line with Beijing 2022’ s concept of hosting a green Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games , the medal platforms were made of recyclable materials , which can help build a healthy social environment for China to realize________ ( it) targets of an eco-friendly society.

76.Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park protects the gibbons and ________ (they) environment

77.Volunteering has many benefits. Of course, making money is not one of ________ (they) ! If you volunteer to help others, you'll notice that it doesn’t really matter that you don’t get paid.

78.The boy ran away from the room, screaming out in terror, direct to home and hid ________ in his closet.

79.A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than ________ who are not.

80.The Palace Museum is home to roughly 1.86 million precious historical relics, and among________ (they), the North Song Dynasty masterpiece Along the River during the Qingming Festival, painted by Zhang Zeduan, is considered to be of great value.

81.But is this automatically true? Are the views of an older person on a new development always to be disregarded? This would suggest that every new development must be a good________and surely that cannot logically be the case.

82.Sava is a robot. She is remotely controlled by a person through a camera inside the robot. Although Sava is not ready to be a real teacher, the children enjoy ________ (she) visits.

83.In fact, STEM subjects are fun and exciting. Studying science can do ________ (we) good.

84.She recognized ________ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm.

85.Xinhua’s article noted that “Among the four, high-speed rail and online shopping aren’t from China, but we bring the inventions to the world’s top level with our intelligence and innovation, and make ________ (they) China’s calling card.”

86.After becoming an internet hit, DingZhen served as the local tourism ambassador and filmed “The World of DingZhen” to speak for his hometown. The film soon brought ________ into people's vision.

87.It was worth it, though. I still have that golden headdress, as ________ reminds me of those unforgettable days.

88.By helping them, I can improve ________ own understanding, and this will be beneficial to my study, she explained.

89.In many countries, ________is not unusual for families of different backgrounds to live together in the shared space.

90.I find _________ hard to remember these words in a short time.

91.(2022·浙江·高三專題練習)When I look at this picture of myself, ... This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of ________ (me) high school days.

92.It falls on the first Saturday in April. ________ (it) aim is to honor and celebrate America's children and stress the importance of love as they grow up.

93.The scientists say an area of the brain assigns memories to smells and stores ________ (they) for decades.

94.And the hutongtoday is fading into the shade for ________ tourists and local people.

95.The young policeman was touched by ________ (they) loss and sadness, and said that he was more than willing to act as their son.

96.The village of Zhouzhuang in Jiangsu calls ________ (it) “the oldest water town in China”.

97.She recognized ________ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm.

98.However, quite a few others, especially ________ in the countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”.

99.My brother would like to buy a good watch but________was available from that shop.

100.I've lived in New York and Chicago, but don't like ________of them very much.

參考答案:

1.mine##me【詳解】考查代詞。句意:然后司機站起來問:“有人在最后一站丟了手提箱嗎?”公共汽車上的一個女人喊道:“哦,天哪!是我的?!彼崎_人群到司機那里,感激地拿起了手提箱。分析句子結構和意思可知,這里考查名詞性物主代詞和代詞的賓格形式,需用“是我的手提箱”或者“我丟了手提箱”對“Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”進行回答。故填mine/me。

2.its【詳解】考查代詞。句意:有關月球成分的數據可以幫助中國決定未來的月球基地計劃是否可行。分析句子結構和意思可知,這里需要形容詞性物主代詞,做定語,修飾后面的名詞plans。故填its。

3.mine【詳解】考查代詞。句意:正如這首歌所唱,這條漫長而曲折的道路“永遠不會消失”,它將永遠留在游客的記憶中。在我的身上確實如此。分析句子可知用名詞性物主代詞mine放在介詞in后作賓語,指代前文提到的memory,相當于“my memory”。故填mine。

4.yourself【詳解】考查反身代詞。句意:不要喝酒或吸毒來讓自己平靜下來。此處為祈使句,省略了主語you,短語calm...down,意為“使……冷靜下來”,后接賓語,當賓語和主語所指相同時,賓語用反身代詞。故填yourself。

5.it【詳解】考查形式賓語。句意:如果你能推薦一位筆友給我,我將不勝感激。I would appreciate it if為固定句型,意為“如果......我將不勝感激”。it做形式賓語。故填it。

6.     facing     myself【詳解】考查非謂語動詞和人稱代詞。句意:緊張地面對挑戰(zhàn),我知道我會低聲對自己說兩個簡單的字“做你自己”。分析句子可知,第一空:此處face作非謂語,與邏輯主語I 是主動關系,應該用現在分詞作狀語;第二空:結合句意,此處要表達的“對我自己”,應該用myself。故填facing,myself。

7.it##running【詳解】考查名詞或代詞。句意:但除此之外……或許是跑步。如果你沒有時間,你只需要跑一半的時間就能得到和其他運動一樣的好處,所以也許我們都應該試一試。分析句子結構可知空處需填代詞作賓語,指代前面提到的running,或者填名詞running作賓語。故答案為it或running。

8.Its【詳解】考查代詞。句意:它的大個頭和圓圓的臉也適應了竹子的食性。根據句子結構和意思可知,這里考查形容詞性物主代詞,修飾后面的名詞短語large size and round face,單詞位于句首,首字母大寫。故填Its。

9.     amazing     their【詳解】考查形容詞和代詞。句意:該視頻將冬季運動與傳統(tǒng)漢字驚人地結合在一起,突出了各自獨特的特點,并將其與包括年畫、京劇和水墨畫在內的各種體育場館和文化元素放在一起,網民們對此非常著迷。根據空1后文名詞combination可知,此處應用其以ing結尾的形容詞amazing “驚人的、令人驚訝的”修飾事物;空2處應用其形容詞性物主代詞their和后文own構成固定短語one’s own“某人自己的”。故空1填amazing;填2填their。

10.its【詳解】考查代詞。句意:在開幕式上,中國古茶博物館正式揭牌,開啟了它的第一個展覽:大道遺真——普洱茶專題展。名詞exhibition前用形容詞性物主代詞修飾。故填its。

11.it【詳解】考查代詞。句意:始終要記住一種希望的措施會帶你度過令人不愉快的處境。keep it   in mind that “牢記……”是固定句型,it是形式賓語,that引導的句子為真正的賓語。故填it。

12.It【詳解】考查代詞。句意:我的兒子非常激動,但我感覺到無助。我沒有這筆錢。它要花費300美元。此處是指代兒子要去做的這件事,用it做主語,故填It。

13.herself【詳解】考查反身代詞。句意:就在那時,一位留意到我書本的年輕女士走到我面前做了自我介紹。結合句意可知,此處是“自我介紹”表達為introduce oneself,指那位女士自己,應用herself。故填herself。

14.itself【詳解】考查代詞。句意:整個表演完全以被群山包圍的河流為背景作為舞臺的。結合句意和句子結構可知,此處應用反身代詞itself(指代lake)作lake的同位語。故填itself。

15.their【詳解】考查代詞。句意:無論如何,對于越來越多的消費者來說,現金不再是他們的習慣。分析句子結構可知,空后是名詞habit,所以此處需用形容詞性物主代詞修飾habit。故填their。

16.its【詳解】考查代詞。句意:由于它的幽默和諷刺,相聲已經廣泛地流傳開了。這里需用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞。指代“相聲的”應用its。故填its。

17.them【詳解】考查代詞。句意:江的父母將會幫助照顧江的女兒。隨著他們年老,江和他的妻子會幫助照顧他們。of是介詞,介詞的后面要接人稱代詞的賓格形式作介詞的賓語,這里用them代指Jiang’s parents。故填them。

18.it【詳解】考查代詞。句意:可可西里是中國最大、世界第三大的無人區(qū)。這個地區(qū)的山,冰川,湖泊所有這些使得它成為一個自然美景的樂園。分析句子結構可知,make后缺少賓語,所以需要填代詞做make的賓語,這里使用代詞it代替Kekexili。故填:it。

19.himself【詳解】考查代詞。句意:那男孩從房間里跑出來,驚恐地尖叫著,直接跑回家藏在衣柜里。結合句意,此處表示男孩把自己藏在他的壁櫥里,故空處應用反身代詞himself作hid的賓語。故填himself。

20.his【詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意:在他四十多歲時,他對各種商業(yè)感到厭倦。固定搭配in one’s +年齡復數,表示“在某人……歲時”,此處應用形容詞性物主代詞his,in his forties表示“在他四十多歲的時候”。故填his。

21.ones【詳解】考查不定代詞。句意:1月2日和1月31日的滿月將是超級滿月,甚至是藍色的超級月亮。根據句意可知,此處應用復數代詞ones,指代full moons。故填ones。

22.its【詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意:黃山因為它的四個獨特的風景而聞名。此處修飾名詞短語four unique scenes,應用形容詞性物主代詞its,表示“它的”。故填its。

23.their【詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意:然而,這個女孩不愿聽他們的話。名詞words前面用形容詞性物主代詞修飾。故填their。

24.themselves【詳解】考查反身代詞。句意:老師讓他們自己倒咖啡。help oneself to表示“自取,自用”。 再根據them可知,用他們的反身代詞。故填themselves。

25.nobody【詳解】考查代詞。句意:如果他不熱愛某事,沒有人能持續(xù)四十年都擅長某件事。分析句子結構可知,空處缺主語,所以填代詞,再根據句意可知,nobody表示“沒有人”,符合句意,故填Nobody。

26.those【詳解】考查代詞。句意:一項研究表明,參加課外活動的學生比那些不參加的學生更快樂。由句意可知,此處為those指代前面the students,代詞those一般指代上文提到的同一類事物的可數名詞復數形式。故填those。

27.     affecting     that【詳解】考查現在分詞和代詞。句意:影響幸福的一個重要因素是人們傾向于將自己的處境與他人的處境進行比較。動詞affect意為“影響”,和系動詞之間沒有連詞,和主語factor構成主動關系,所以應用現在分詞作后置定語。代指前文中提到的situation應用指示代詞that。故填①affecting②that。

28.that【詳解】考查代詞。句意:影響幸福感的一個重要因素是(人們)傾向于將自己的處境與他人的處境進行比較。根據句意可知,在動詞短語compare ...with...中,相比較的對象應同類異物,將自己的處境與其他人的處境進行比較,one’s situation為單數,設空處特指“他人的處境”,應用代詞that代替situation,故填that。

29.     herself     what【詳解】考查反身代詞和賓語從句引導詞。句意:23歲時,她走遍了所有的國家,努力挑戰(zhàn)自己,挑戰(zhàn)她所認為的女性旅行者可能達到的極限。分析可知,動詞“challenge”后缺賓語,和主語指的是同一個人,意為“挑戰(zhàn)她自己”,所以第一個空填反身代詞“herself”?!癬_______   she believed was possible for a female traveler”為之前介詞“of”的賓語從句,且該賓語從句中“she”為主語,“believed”為謂語動詞,“________ was possible for a female traveler”為動詞“believed”的賓語從句,從句中缺少主語,應是連接代詞“what”作從句引導詞。故填①herself;②what。

30.another【詳解】考查不定代詞。句意:經常鍛煉是幫助我們保持健康的好方法和保持均衡飲食是另一個好方法。根據句意,表示三者或三者以上的“另一個”用不定代詞another,故填another。

31.none【詳解】考查代詞。句意:他借給我了一些書,但是沒有哪本書容易讀。根據句子結構可知,設空處需要填寫代詞后面句子的主語,代替的是前面的books。同時根據句中的but可知,前后表示轉折關系,與a few相呼應,表示“沒有一本書”,故填寫none。

32.mine【詳解】考查雙重所有格和代詞。句意:前幾天我在廣場上遇到了我的一個好朋友,但我們沒有聊太多,因為他正在趕公交。雙重所有格的形式是“of+名詞所有格或者名詞性物主代詞”,表示所屬關系,則設空處需填I的名詞性物主代詞mine,of mine充當friend的定語。故填mine。

33.myself【詳解】考查反身代詞。句意:幾年前我就有了這個想法,但我找不到一個制造商可以交付我想要的,所以我自己做了。根據所給提示及句意可知,此處指“我自己”做這件事。故填myself。

34.one【詳解】考查代詞。句意:如今,學校安全是一個熱點問題。我認為這是一個現象,一個需要我們高度關注的現象。根據句意和句子結構可知,設空處應該填寫的是代詞,指代前文的phenomenon,此處的phenomenon表示泛指,即不僅校園安全值得我們關注,還有其他的很多的熱議話題都需要我們關注,校園安全只是其中一個。同時phenomenon為可數名詞,故用one。

35.its【詳解】考查代詞。句意:一般來說,人們把成功的生活定義為快樂的、健康的生活,同時也是能最大程度享受的生活。根據句意以及括號中的提示詞,to its fullest意為“最充分地享受生活”。it指代的是生活,需要使用的是形容詞性物主代詞作定語。故填its。

36.me【詳解】考查代詞。句意:在他的信中,他感謝我對他的工作的賞識。thank是及物動詞,后面直接加賓語,所以設空處需填人稱代詞的賓格。故填me。

37.     yours     it【詳解】考查代詞。句意:——我的尺子壞了,能把你的借給我用一下么?——當然,給你。根據所給句子可知,第一個空為代指“你的尺子”因此,需要使用名詞性物主代詞,故填yours,第二個空為代指尺子,因此需要使用指示代詞it,故填①yours;②it。

38.It【詳解】考查形式主語。句意:人們相信,正是他在壓力下工作的能力導致了他的巨大成功。It is believed that...(據信、人們相信),It是形式主語,that引導主語從句,首字母大寫。故填It。

39.our【詳解】考查物主代詞。句意:沒有人比霍金更偉大了,因為他重塑了我們對那些身體殘破但精神堅定的人的理解。understanding和we之間是所屬關系,空格處意為“我們的”,需用形容詞性物主代詞our修飾名詞understanding,故填our。

40.     It     it【詳解】考查形式主語。句意:他突然想到,在解決問題之前和老師爭論是不禮貌的。It occurs/occurred to sb. that ...意為“某人突然想起”,其中It是形式主語,所以第一個空需填It,句首字母要大寫。分析句子結構可知,that從句中也運用了形式主語,結構為“It is/was... + to do sth.”,真正主語是不定式to argue with,則設空處需填it,作形式主語。故填①It ②it。

41.his【詳解】考查代詞。句意:盡管杰克上了年紀,但他的身體仍然比許多年輕人好。根據括號中的提示以及old age可知,設空處應該填寫形容詞性物主代詞,修飾名詞age年齡。故將he變?yōu)閔is,故填寫his。

42.     it     her【詳解】考查代詞。句意:我討厭她在我工作的時候打電話給我——我總是忙得沒時間和她交談。根據所給句子可知,此處“when she calls me at work”為hate真正的賓語,因此第一個空需要使用it作為形式賓語,替代真的的賓語“when she calls me at work”,因此第一個空填it;根據第二個空的前后句子提示可知,此處需要代詞her做with的賓語,意為“她”,故填①it;②her。

43.     my     myself【詳解】考查代詞。句意:最近,因為我的外婆病了,我發(fā)現我待在醫(yī)院的時間更久了。第一個空修飾名詞grandmother,需用形容詞性物主代詞my;第二個空充當found的賓語,由于賓語和主語一致,都是“我”,所以需用反身代詞myself。故填①my ②myself。

44.my【詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意:她意識到了我的潛力,向我展示了我可以用創(chuàng)造力來寫作,也向我展示了我可以用創(chuàng)造力和熱情來寫作。分析句子結構可知,此處的potential是名詞,意為“潛力”,所以此處應用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞。故填my。

45.Everyone【詳解】考查不定代詞。句意:你可以向任何一個人求助。在這里的每一個人都會給予你幫助。根據前句中的 anyone,可知填 everyone符合句意。置于句首,首字母大寫。故填Everyone。

46.it【詳解】考查代詞。句意:抬起你的腿讓它在空中停幾秒鐘。此處填it指代前面出現的“your leg”。故填it。

47.one【詳解】考查代詞。句意:如果你在攤位上買今天的報紙,你能幫我買一份嗎?此處指代前文提到的“報紙中的一份”,表示泛指,用不定代詞one。故填one。

48.himself【詳解】考查反身代詞。句意:——你打算邀請Jack參加我們的聚會嗎?——不,但是如果他舉止得體,還是很歡迎他來的。behave oneself為固定短語,意為“使舉止規(guī)矩”,根據主語he可知,應填he的反身代詞himself。故填himself。

49.that【詳解】考查代詞。句意:令黛拉高興的是,她先是贏得了學生的信任,然后又贏得了同事的信任。此處指代不可數名詞trust,表示特指,因此用代詞 that。故填that。

50.themselves【詳解】考查反身代詞。句意:此外,微信上的人更容易與別人比較,當他們發(fā)現有些人似乎很成功時,這會讓他們自己感覺很郁悶。文中表示“人們自己與他人比較”,用反身代詞,故填 themselves。

51.both【詳解】考查代詞。句意:我們今年可以買一輛新車,也可以去度假,但不能兩者兼而有之。both和not連用表示部分否定,此處意為“不能兩者都...”。故填both。

52.others【詳解】考查代詞。句意:有些人買布鞋懷舊,而另一些人則相信它們的質量。 some...others...為固定搭配,意為“一些……另一些……”。故填others。

53.it【詳解】考查代詞。句意:不管怎樣,是時候去戶外體驗夏天和有趣的家庭活動了。此處是“It is time to do sth.”的固定句型,意為“是時候做某事”,其中的不定式是time的后置定語。故填it。

54.other【詳解】考查代詞。句意:每塊獎牌的一面都雕刻著奧林匹克五環(huán)。戒指代表了對團結和和諧的追求,它們也……獎牌的另一面中心是北京2022年冬奧會會徽。 對應上文的one side,此處用“the other side”表示“獎牌的另一面”。故填other。

55.herself【詳解】考查代詞。句意:就在那時,一位注意到我的書的迷人的年輕女士走到我面前并作了自我介紹。結合句意可知,此處指那個年輕女人向“我”介紹了她自己,應用反身代詞herself作賓語。故填herself。

56.them【詳解】考查代詞。句意:人們取自行車,然后騎上,然后把它們放在任何他們喜歡的地方,鎖上后輪,不需要找到一個固定的地方??仗幹复衔牡摹癰ikes”作賓語,需用代詞them。故填them。

57.it【詳解】考查代詞。句意:中國人自古以來就知道綠茶的好處,他們用它來治療從頭痛到抑郁的各種疾病。指代上文不可數名詞green tea,作use的賓語,應用it。故填it。

58.It【詳解】考查代詞。句意:據發(fā)現,平均每年有2800萬公噸的撒哈拉沙塵落在南美洲的亞馬遜盆地。句中it作形式主語,真正的主語為that從句。根據句意,故填It。

59.itself【詳解】考查代詞。句意:在接下來的幾年里,杭州將盡最大努力為這場盛會做準備。 根據句意及空格前后的動詞prepare和介詞for,可知此處考查動詞短語prepare sb. for sth.(使...做好準備);根據括號內所給提示詞it及句意,可知此處it指代句子主語Hangzhou,即該句的主語和賓語指代同一物,所以賓語要用反身代詞。故填itself。

60.it【詳解】考查固定句型。句意:然而,盡管關注最新新聞很有趣,但我們可能會把自己置于危險之中。分析可知,此處為固定句型:it is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”,it是形式主語,不定式是真正的主語。故填it。

61.themselves【詳解】考查反身代詞。句意:許多書法家在寫作時,會忘卻一切煩惱,甚至忘卻自己,將一切思想融于藝術之美之中。結合句意可知,此處是指那些書法家會在書寫時忘記自己,應用反身代詞themselves作forget的賓語。故填themselves。

62.their【詳解】考查代詞。句意:在這一天,中國文化中一個重要的圖騰——龍會伴隨著雷聲抬起頭來。修飾名詞heads需填形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。

63.nobody【詳解】考查代詞。句意:會議將在九月召開,但沒有人知道確切的日期。根據上文“The meeting will be held in September”和表示轉折意義的but可知,此處是指沒有人知道會議的確切日期,應用nobody“沒有人”作主語。故填nobody。

64.its【詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意:當你來到張家界,你可以充分欣賞其壯麗的自然風光,體驗迷人的民俗風情和其他令人興奮的旅游活動??仗帒眯稳菰~性物主代詞its,修飾名詞scenery。故填its。

65.himself【詳解】考查代詞。句意:在信中,Jin介紹了他自己和義烏。結合句意和句子結構,作introduce的賓語表示“他自己”應用反身代詞himself。故填himself。

66.other 【詳解】考查代詞。句意:我假期的一半時間用來練習英語口語,另一半時間用來編程。句中half表示“一半時間”,此處表示“假期中的另一半時間”應用the other half,the other表示“兩者之間另外一個”。故填other。

67.that 【詳解】考查代詞。句意:似乎東京的租房成本比其他任何城市都要高得多。分析可知,空處為同類異物指代,指代上文“the cost of renting a house”應用that。故填that。

68.them【詳解】考查代詞。句意:越來越多的人愿意網購他們想要的東西,我就是他們中的一員。分析句子可知,設空處應填代詞作賓語,在介詞后面需賓格形式。故填them。

69.something 【詳解】考查不定代詞。句意:當你把我介紹給那個商人時,你能幫我說幾句話嗎?結合語境,此處應填something,表示期待得到對方的肯定答復。故填something。

70.neither 【詳解】考查代詞。句意:在一個父母都不說英語的家庭里,他很難學習英語。由前一句意義可知,父母兩人都不說英語,應用neither of。故填neither。

71.any 【詳解】考查代詞。句意:警察問了證人許多問題,但她任何一個也沒回答。由后一句的轉折和否定意義可知,空格處應填any表示“任何一個問題”。故填any。

72.others 【詳解】考查代詞。句意:你們的隊長是團隊之星!和別人一起工作真是小菜一碟。other意為“其余的人(或事物)”,隊里的其他人不止一人,因此空格處用others。故填others。

73.ourselves 【詳解】考查代詞。句意:如果長輩為晚輩做一切,我們就不會獲得保護自己的能力。主語為we,與賓語一致,需用其對應的反身代詞ourselves作賓語。故填ourselves。

74.its【詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意:許多奧運高技術已首次應用于北京,以確保碳中和的目標。修飾空后名詞詞組goal of carbon neutrality應用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。

75.its【詳解】考查代詞。句意:根據北京2022年冬奧會舉辦綠色冬奧會和冬殘奧會的理念,獎牌平臺由可回收材料制成,有助于為中國實現生態(tài)社會的目標建立健康的社會環(huán)境。修飾名詞targets需用形容詞性物主代詞its。故填its。

76.their【詳解】考查代詞。句意:海南熱帶雨林國家公園保護著長臂猿和它們的環(huán)境。修飾名詞environment,應用形容詞性物主代詞their,表示“長臂猿們的環(huán)境”。故填their。

77.them【詳解】考查代詞。句意:志愿活動有很多好處。當然,賺錢不是其中之一!如果你自愿幫助別人,你會注意到沒有報酬其實并不重要。空處指代上文的benefits,作介詞of的賓語用they的賓格形式。故填them。

78.himself【詳解】考查代詞。句意:那男孩從房間里跑出來,驚恐地尖叫著,直接跑回家藏在衣柜里。結合句意,此處表示男孩把自己藏在他的壁櫥里,故空處應用反身代詞himself作hid的賓語。故填himself。

79.those 【詳解】考查代詞。句意:一項研究表明,參加課外活動的學生比那些不參加課外活動的學生更快樂。空格處代詞與the students是對應關系,結合“who are not”可知,與上文中提到的學生同類但不同物,需用those替代。故填those。

80.them 【詳解】考查代詞。句意:故宮博物院藏有約186萬件珍貴歷史文物,其中,北宋張作端的名作《清明上河圖》被認為價值巨大。設空處作介詞among的賓語, 應用賓格代詞。故填them。

81.one【詳解】考查代詞。句意:但這是自動成立的嗎?難道老人們對新事物的看法總是要被忽視嗎?這意味著每一個新的發(fā)展都必須是好的,但邏輯上肯定不是這樣的。根據a good可知此處要用代詞one,指上文every new development同類中任意一個。故填one。

82.her 【詳解】考查代詞。句意:薩瓦是一個機器人。她是由一個人通過機器人內部的攝像頭遠程控制的。雖然薩瓦還沒有準備好成為一名真正的教師,但孩子們喜歡她的來訪。修飾空后名詞visits, 應用形容詞性物主代詞。故填her。

83.us【詳解】考查代詞。句意:事實上,STEM課程既有趣又令人興奮。學習科學對我們有好處。在句中做謂語do的賓語,填賓格代詞us。故填us。

84.my【詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意:她認識到了我的潛力,并向我展示了我可以用創(chuàng)造力和熱情寫作。分析句子結構可知,此處的potential是名詞,意為“潛力”,故此處應用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞。故填my。

85.them【詳解】考查人稱代詞的賓格。句意:新華社的文章指出“在這四個中,高鐵和網絡購物并非來自中國,但我們用自己的智慧和創(chuàng)新將這些發(fā)明帶到了世界頂級水平,并使它們成為中國的名片。”在動詞make后應用賓格them作賓語。故填them。

86.it【詳解】考查人稱代詞。句意:在成為網絡紅人之后,丁真擔任了當地的旅游大使,并拍攝了《丁真的世界》,為他的家鄉(xiāng)代言。這部電影很快就把它帶進了人們的視野。丁真拍攝專題電影,就是要宣傳他的家鄉(xiāng),想把他的家鄉(xiāng)帶入大家的視野,引起人們對他家鄉(xiāng)的關注,此處應填代詞it代指his hometown。故填it。

87.it【詳解】考查代詞。句意:不過,這是值得的。我至今還留著那頂金色的頭飾,因為它讓我想起了那些難忘的日子。根據句意,該空應需要一個代詞it指代上文的golden headdress在從句中作主語。故填it。

88.my【詳解】考查代詞。句意:通過幫助他們,我可以提高自己的理解力,這將有利于我的學習,她解釋說。修飾后文名詞understanding,應用形容詞性物主代詞my,表示“提高我自己對中國文化的了解”。故填my。

89.it【詳解】考查it的用法。句意:在許多國家,不同背景的家庭住在一起是很平常的。此處為固定句型:it is+形容詞+to do sth.,表示“做某事怎么樣”,it作形式主語,真正的主語是不定式復合結構for families of different backgrounds to live together。故填it。

90.it【詳解】考查it作形式賓語。句意:我發(fā)現我很難在短時間內記住這些單詞。分析可知,“find _____ hard to remember these words in a short time”中動詞不定式“to remember these words in a short time”為真正賓語,因此所填空用it作形式賓語,構成“find it +形容詞+to do…”,意為“發(fā)現做某事是怎么樣的”。故填it。

91.my【詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意:當我看著這張我自己的照片……這張照片經常讓我回想起高中時代的許多美好回憶。修飾名詞短語high school days用形容詞性物主代詞,故填my。

92.Its【詳解】考查代詞。句意:它在四月的第一個星期六。它的目的是向美國兒童致敬和慶祝,并強調愛在他們成長過程中的重要性。設空處修飾名詞aim,聯系上句可知,此處表示此節(jié)日的目的,表示所屬關系,指物,故用形容詞性物主代詞its(它的),又因設空處在句首,首字母要大寫。故填Its。

93.them【詳解】考查代詞。句意:科學家說,大腦的一個區(qū)域將記憶分配給氣味,并將其儲存數十年。分析句子結構可知,設空處作動詞stores的賓語,需填入they的賓格形式them。故填them。

【點睛】

94.both【詳解】考查代詞。句意:如今,無論是對游客還是當地人來說,胡同都在逐漸淡出人們的視線。根據句意可知,此處是固定搭配both...and...“兩者都……”。故填both。

95.their【詳解】考查代詞。句意:年輕的警察被他們的損失和悲傷所感動,他說他非常愿意做他們的兒子。根據空后的loss and sadness(名詞短語)可知,該空應填形容詞性物主代詞,作定語。故填their。

96.itself【詳解】考查反身代詞。句意:江蘇周莊自稱“中國最古老的水鄉(xiāng)”。主語和賓語是同一個人或物時用反身代詞作賓語,本句用反身代詞itself作calls的賓語。故填itself。

97.my【詳解】考查代詞。句意:她認識到了我的潛力,并向我展示了我能用我的創(chuàng)造力和熱情寫作。分析句子結構可知, 此處的potential是名詞, 意為“潛力”, 故此處應用形容詞性物主代詞my(我的)修飾名詞。故填my。

98.those【詳解】考查代詞。句意:然而,也有不少人,特別是那些在農村的人,會定一個幸運的日子,這樣他們的婚姻就會“雙喜臨門”。根據語境可知,空處指代前文中那些人,而且后面有定語修飾,所以用those指代,它表示與前面同類的東西或人,總是伴隨著限定性的后置修飾語,表示復數。故填those。

99.none【詳解】考查代詞。句意:我哥哥想買塊好手表,但那家店里沒有。由but引導的轉折邏輯推知,后句要表達“(那家店里)沒有好手表”,此時可用代詞none表示“沒有一個人或事物”。故填none。

100.either【詳解】考查代詞。句意:我住在紐約和芝加哥,但不太喜歡這兩個城市。分析句子并結合句意可知,表示不喜歡兩個城市中的任何一個,用either符合題意。故填either。

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