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介詞是一種用來表示詞與詞、詞與句之間的關(guān)系的詞，不能單獨作句子成分。今天給大家分享了表示時間、位置、地點、方位，還有表示工具、手段或方式的介詞，以及其他常用介詞。

一. 表示時間的介詞

【幫你歸納】

★表示時間時，at強調(diào)鐘點；

on強調(diào)星期、日期或某天的上午、下午或晚上；

in強調(diào)年、月、季節(jié)、時間段（常與將來時連用）或用于morning, afternoon, evening（noon和night前用at）前。

★“for 一段時間”和“since 過去的具體時間”表示延續(xù)一段時間，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。

★by意為“在……之前”，含有“不遲于……；到……為止”之意。

★“during 時間段”與延續(xù)性動詞連用，表示一段時間內(nèi)的動作或狀態(tài)。

【考一考】

單項選擇

( ) 1. I often help my mom do housework ________ Saturdays.

A. at B. in C. on D. to

( ) 2. I get up ______ 6:30 in the morning every day.

A. in B. at C. on D. to

( ) 3. My uncle and aunt will come to see us ________ August.

A. in B. on C. for D. at

( ) 4. This boy was born _______ the morning of July 6th, 2010.

A. in B. for C. at D. on

( ) 5. — How long have you studied in this school?

— ________ this January.

A. From B. Since C. For D. On

二. 表示位置、方位或地點的介詞

【幫你歸納】

★in表示在某一地區(qū)之內(nèi)的方位；on表示與某一地區(qū)的毗鄰關(guān)系；to表示在某一地區(qū)以外的某個方位。

★on表示在某物上面且互相接觸；over側(cè)重垂直的上方，反義詞是under；above指在上方的任意一點，表示在某物上的高低位置，不接觸，其反義詞是below。

★across表示從某物表面穿過或沿某一條線的方向進行的動作；through主要表示從物體內(nèi)部穿過。

★in the tree表示人或其他物體在樹上；on the tree表示樹上固有的東西。

大家可以參考下面的表格來記憶和運用哦！

【考一考】

單項選擇

( ) 1. — Where is this kind of wine made?

— It's made ______ France.

A. of B. in C. by D. as

( ) 2. How can we cross that wide river? There's no bridge _______ it.

A. among B. between C. on D. over

( ) 3. You must be careful when you swim ________ the river.

A. across B. below C. on D. through

( ) 4. The thief came in ________ the window last night.

A. through B. along C. across D. towards

( ) 5. In cold winter, the temperature in Harbin often remains _______ zero.

A. above B. below C. over D. under

三. 表示工具、手段或方式的介詞

【幫你歸納】

★in表示用語言、聲音、原材料等；with表示用具體有形的東西；by表示用某種手段或方法，接交通工具時，交通工具名詞前不用冠詞，后面也常接動詞的-ing形式。

★on表示通過無線電等通訊工具。

★with / without sb.'s help意為“在某人的幫助下/沒有某人的幫助”。

【考一考】

單項選擇

( ) 1. — What's this _______ English, Li Wei?

— It's a robot.

A. for B. of C. in D. on

( ) 2. I saw Mr. Green talking with his son _______ the phone.

A. on B. with C. to D. in

( ) 3. Could you give me a hand? I can't complete the task on time ______ you help.

A. without B. below C. with D. for

( ) 4. Look! The little girl is writing ________ a pen.

A. through B. by C. in D. with

( ) 5. Mr. Brown makes a living ________ selling flowers.

A. along B. with C. by D. in

四. 其他介詞

【幫你歸納】

★ by

1. 介詞by最常見的用法是在被動句中引出施動者，意為“被……”。

2. 介詞by表示時間，意為“在……之前，到……為止”。

3. 介詞by加表示交通工具或交通方式的名詞，意為“用……，乘……，借助于……”。常見搭配有：by train/rail /taxi/bus/truck/bike /boat /plane /land /road /sea /water/air等。

注意：置于by后表示交通工具的名詞不變復數(shù)，前面不加冠詞，但指乘某一具體時間的交通工具時則須加冠詞。如：

He left by the 10:30 train.

4. by表示方式、方法或手段等時, 后常接無冠詞的名詞或v-ing，意為“通過……，靠……，憑借……”。如：

I've dialed the number so many times, so Iknow it by heart.

Can I reach you by phone?

I sent the letter by airmail.

5. by表示經(jīng)由、通過時，意為“通過……，沿著……”。常見的搭配有：by a stone bridge/the backdoor/the freeway/country roads等。如：

We came through the fields, not by the road.

★ through

1. 表示手段、媒介，意為“憑借……，經(jīng)由……”，后面可以跟名詞或v-ing。當through后跟v-ing時可以與by互換。如：

The young man succeeded through hard work and good luck.

We sold the bike through advertising in the local paper.

2. 表示空間上通過、透過、經(jīng)過，意為“通過……，經(jīng)過……，穿過……，從一端到另一端”。如：

It is comfortable to read a book when lightcomes in through the window.

3. 表示時間上通過、自始至終、從頭到尾，意為“整個……，從……開頭到終了”，如：

The writer often works through the night.

The children are too young to sit through a long concert.

★with

with意為“具有；擁有”；against意為“反對；倚靠”；表示在建筑物的樓層時用介詞on。

★在It’s 形容詞 of sb. to do sth.句型中，形容詞為clever, kind, silly等描述人物性格特征的詞；在It’s 形容詞 for sb. to do sth.句型中，形容詞為important, easy等描述事物特征的詞。

★be made of意為“由……制成”，表示從成品中可以看出原材料；be made from也意為“由……制成”，表示從成品中看不出原材料。

【考一考】

單項選擇

( ) 1. Meimei is a beautiful girl _______ big eyes and dark hair.

A. in B. on C. at D. with

( ) 2. It is really kind ______ him to help those who are ______ trouble.

A. of; on B. of; in C. for; on D. for; at

( ) 3. All the desks in our classroom are made _______ wood.

A. by B. into C. of D. from

( ) 4. We'll play basketball _________ Class 3 tomorrow afternoon.

A. over B. against C. to D. for

( ) 5. Mr. Green's office is ________ the 26th floor. You can take the lift there.

A. at B. in C. on D. for

6. If you're travelling _________ car, ask whether there is a parking space nearby.

7. We walked rapidly _______ the backdoor.

8. She was led _______ the arm toa small room at the end of the corridor (走廊).

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