|
一、多用正式或法律上的用詞，比如： At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment. The personnel shall not to partake in any political activities in Iraq. The Employer shall render correct technical guidance to the personnel. Party A shall repatriate the patient to China and bear the cost of his passage to Guangzhou. This Contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of China. The Employer may object to and require the Contractor to replace forthwith any of its authorized representatives who is incompetent. The Chairperson may convene an interim meeting based on a proposal made by one-third of the total number of directors. In case one party desires to sell or assign all or part of its investment subscribed, the other party shall have the preemptive right. In processing transactions, the manufacturers shall never have title either to the materials or the finished products. The term "Effective date" means the date on which this Agreement is duly executed by the parties hereto. 與口頭表述不同，合同是法律性的正式書(shū)面文件，使用正式的、法律的用詞是必要的。合同起草者應(yīng)多加強(qiáng)這方面的學(xué)習(xí)。 用詞方面(2) 二、多使用"here"，"there"，"where"等前綴： hereafter = after this time; 今后 hereby = by means/reason of this; 特此 herein = in this; 此中，于此 hereinafter = later in this contract; 在下文 thereafter = afterwards; 此后，后來(lái) thereby = by that means; 因此；由此；在那方面 therein = from that; 在那里；在那點(diǎn)上 thereinafter = later in the same contract; 以下；在下文 whereby = by what; by which; 由是；憑那個(gè) wherein = in what; in which; 在哪里；在哪點(diǎn)上 是不是有點(diǎn)頭昏眼花？初學(xué)時(shí)確實(shí)容易搞混，告訴你個(gè)小竅門(mén)，here 代表 this，there 代表 that，where 代表 what/which，就容易記多了。 用詞方面（3） 三、多用"shall"代替"will"或"should"加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣和強(qiáng)制力。 This Contract shall become effective upon and from the date on which it is signed. This Contract shall be written in English in four copies. Each party shall keep two copies. 合同中，shall并非單純表示將來(lái)時(shí)，而常用來(lái)表示法律上可強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的義務(wù)，具有約束力，宜譯為“應(yīng)”、“應(yīng)該”、“必須”； will無(wú)論語(yǔ)氣還是強(qiáng)制力要比shall弱，宜譯為“將”、“原”、“要”；should通常只用來(lái)表示語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)的假設(shè)、比如“萬(wàn)一”。 用語(yǔ)方面(1) 一、力求嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，明白無(wú)誤： The following documents shall be deemed to form and be read and construed as an integral part of this Contract. This Contract can only be altered, amended or supplemented in accordance with documents signed and sealed by authorized representatives of both parties. All activities of ABC Co. shall be governed by the laws, decrees and pertinent rules and regulations of China. 二、多用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，少用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： Party B is hereby appointed by Party A as its exclusive sales agent in Singapore. (不宜) Party A hereby appoints Party B as its exclusive sales agent in Singapore. (適宜) 三、多用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，少用將來(lái)時(shí)，盡管很多條款規(guī)定的是合同簽訂以后的事項(xiàng)： Licensee may terminate this Contract 90 days after a written notice thereof is sent to Licensor upon the happening of one of the following events: Licensor becomes insolvent or a liquidator of Licensor is appointed; The patent described in Article 2 is not issued within 30 days from signing this Contract; and Licensor fails to perform its obligations under this Contract. 四、直接表達(dá)方式用得多，間接表達(dá)方式用的較少： This Article does not apply to bondholders who have not been paid in full. （用得少） This Article applies only to bondholders who have been paid in full. （用得多） 五、盡量使用一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，避免使用“動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞”的同意短語(yǔ)： Party A shall make an appointment of its representative within 30 days after signing the Contract. Party A will give consideration to Party B''s proposal of exclusive agency. 六、下列特殊用語(yǔ)使用頻繁(1)： WHEREAS 鑒于 正式而重要的合同，尤其是英美法系的合同，多用它在前文中引出簽約背景和目的，起連詞作用： WHEREAS the Employer is desirous that manpower can be rendered available for the construction of High-Rise Residential Complex in Baghdad, Iraq; WHEREAS the Contractor is desirous to provide the manpower for the Works; WITNESS 證明 在合同前文中常用作首句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞： This Agreement, made by ... WITNESSES WHEREAS..., it is agreed as follows: IN WITNESS WHEREOF 作為所協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的證據(jù)： 該短語(yǔ)常用于合同的結(jié)尾條款： IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract in duplicate by their duly authorized representatives on the date first above written. 六、下列特殊用語(yǔ)使用頻繁(2)： IN CONSIDERATION OF 以……為約因/報(bào)酬 約因是英美法系的合同有效成立要件之一，沒(méi)有則合同不能依法強(qiáng)制履行。但是，大陸法系的合同則無(wú)此規(guī)定。 Now Therefore, in consideration of the premises and the covenants herein, contained, the parties hereto agree as follows: In consideration of the payment to be made by Party A to Party B, Party B hereby covenants with Party A to complete the building in conformity with the provisions of the Contract. NOW, THEREFORE 茲特 此短語(yǔ)用于WHEREAS條款之后引出具體協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的常用開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)，并與其后hereby的結(jié)合。如果無(wú)HEREAS條款，則本短語(yǔ)可省略： NOW, THEREFORE, it''s hereby agreed and understood as follows； NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS 茲特立約為據(jù) 本句話(huà)也是用于WHEREAS條款之后引出具體協(xié)議事項(xiàng)。 PRESENTS = the present writings 是主語(yǔ)，WITNESS是謂語(yǔ)： NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS that it is hereby agreed between the parties hereto as follows: IN THE PRESENCE OF 見(jiàn)證人 本短語(yǔ)只在有見(jiàn)證人時(shí)使用—在訂約雙方當(dāng)事人簽名的下方由見(jiàn)證人簽名作證，一般是相關(guān)的律師（Attorney）或公證處（Notary Public）: IN THE PRESENCE OF the parties hereto have hereunder set their respective hands and seals: For and on behalf the first Party（甲方代表）： The EMPLOYER （雇主）… Capacity （職位） … In the Presence of （見(jiàn)證人） … Capacity （職位）… Address （地址）… For and on behalf of the Second party（乙方代表）: The CONTRACTOR （承包人） … Capacity （職位）… In the Presence of （見(jiàn)證人） Capacity （職位） Address （地址） |
|
|
來(lái)自： 小膘 > 《我的圖書(shū)館》
