Struts+Spring+Hibernate開發(fā)實(shí)例
一
介紹本文并不想介紹Struts,Spring,Hibernate的原理系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)等,本文地目的是通過一個(gè)較復(fù)雜地實(shí)例介紹如何整合Struts,Spring,Hibernate,網(wǎng)上現(xiàn)有的例子雖然也能達(dá)到目的,但功能都比較單一,復(fù)雜的例子時(shí)會(huì)有意想不到的麻煩。本文對讀者假設(shè)已經(jīng)具備了以上框架的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。以及那些已經(jīng)了解Struts,Spring,Hibernate的基本概念,但是還沒有親身在較復(fù)雜的項(xiàng)目中體驗(yàn)Struts+Spring+Hibernate的開發(fā)人員。
1 Struts
雖然不打算過多介紹Struts的原理,但是大概介紹一下還是有必要的。Struts本身就是 MVC 在這里負(fù)責(zé)將用戶數(shù)據(jù)傳人業(yè)務(wù)層,以及 將業(yè)務(wù)層處理的結(jié)果返回給用戶,此系統(tǒng)屬于較簡單WEB應(yīng)用,采用了OpenSessionInView模式處理LazyLoad問題,這樣我們可以在用戶視圖中使用 get,set方法來方便地獲取關(guān)聯(lián)對象。為了處理龐大的Action和ActionForm問題,在此我門準(zhǔn)備使用DynaActionForm (DynaValidatorForm)和DispatchAction以及 動(dòng)態(tài)驗(yàn)證框架 來解決。及使用Tile來解決框架問題 。使用自定義標(biāo)簽處理分頁和身份驗(yàn)證問題。
2 Spring
Spring Framework最得以出名的是與Hibernate的無縫鏈接,雖然Spring 對Hibernate提供了90%以上的封裝,使我們不必去關(guān)心Session 的建立,關(guān)閉,以及事務(wù)使我們能夠?qū)P牡年P(guān)注業(yè)務(wù)邏輯。但是一些特殊情況如 有時(shí)需要Query以及Criteria 對象,分頁等,Spring不能給我們提供支持,總不能每次都在你的DAO上寫個(gè)HibernateCallBackup()吧?Spring的作用不是把Hibernate再封裝一層,而是讓你接觸不到Hibernate的API,而是幫助你管理好Session和Transaction。
在這里解決方法是:首先 寫一個(gè)IBase 的接口,和一個(gè)BaseDao的實(shí)現(xiàn)。在實(shí)現(xiàn)中仿照HibernateTemplate,將其功能一一實(shí)現(xiàn),同時(shí)考慮到Spring 未能支持的地方,我們不得已只好自己來管理Session,因此加入public Session openSession(),public Query getQuery(String sql),public Criteria getCriteria(Class clazz),以及分頁的方法。 然后為每一個(gè)Entity 都建立繼承于以上類的IEntity,與EntityDao。這里可以根據(jù)需求對Entity加入特殊的方法實(shí)現(xiàn),如 在 StudentsDao.java 中加入類似用戶身份驗(yàn)證等。以上就是數(shù)據(jù)訪問層。接下來在Service層中通過對dao的引用完成業(yè)務(wù)邏輯方法。在下面的例子中我們分別為學(xué)生模塊,教師模塊,管理員模塊構(gòu)建Service層,StudentsServiceImpl,TeachersServiceImpl,AdminServiceImpl。
3 Hibernate
有了Spring的封裝,我們要對Hibernate做的就是正確實(shí)現(xiàn)對象關(guān)系的映射。由于此處處于系統(tǒng)的最底層,準(zhǔn)確無誤的實(shí)現(xiàn)對象之間的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系映射將起著至關(guān)重要的作用。
總之,理解了Struts,Spring,Hibernate地原理以及之間的關(guān)系之后,剩下的工作就如同在以Spring為核心的Struts為表現(xiàn)的框架中堆積木。
下圖可以更好的幫助我們理解Struts,Spring,Hibernate之間的關(guān)系。二 案例簡述:
設(shè)計(jì)思路主要源于 大學(xué)選修課,該系統(tǒng)可以方便處理學(xué)生在課程選報(bào),學(xué)分查詢,成績查詢,以及 成績發(fā)布等。
系統(tǒng)以班級為核心,一門課程可以對應(yīng)多個(gè)班級,一名教師也可以帶不同的班級,學(xué)生可以選報(bào)不同課程所對應(yīng)的班級,班級自身有目前人數(shù),和最大人數(shù),以及上課時(shí)間,上課地點(diǎn)的屬性。
學(xué)生在選報(bào)班級之后,班級的人數(shù)會(huì)自動(dòng)加一,直到等于最大人數(shù)時(shí),其他學(xué)生將會(huì)有人數(shù)已滿的錯(cuò)誤提示。同理如果學(xué)生選擇了同一課程的不同班級,也將收到錯(cuò)誤提示。學(xué)生有密碼,系別,學(xué)分,地址,電話等屬性。
教師在系統(tǒng)中主要負(fù)責(zé)成績發(fā)布,教師可以對其所帶的班級的學(xué)生的成績修改,系統(tǒng)會(huì)以成績是否大于等于60來判斷學(xué)生是否通過考試,如果通過會(huì)將該課程的學(xué)分累加到學(xué)生學(xué)分,同樣如果教師二次修改了成績,而且小于60,系統(tǒng)會(huì)在學(xué)生學(xué)分上扣掉該課程的分?jǐn)?shù)。
課程在系統(tǒng)中具體體現(xiàn)為班級,自身帶有學(xué)分屬性。
系有編號,名稱的屬性,同時(shí)可以作為聯(lián)系教師,課程,學(xué)生的橋梁。
功能模塊
l 身份驗(yàn)證模塊: 根據(jù)用戶名,密碼,用戶類別 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)用戶到不同的模塊。
l 學(xué)生模塊: 查看課程,查看班級,選報(bào)課程,查看己選課程,成績查詢。
l 教師模塊: 錄入成績
l 管理員模塊:對學(xué)生,教師,課程,班級,系 增,刪,查,改。
三 具體實(shí)踐
代碼下載
http://www./Files/limq/StudentManger.rar
1 對象關(guān)系映射:
首先,將庫表映射為數(shù)據(jù)模型(SQL在源碼中查看),轉(zhuǎn)換后的數(shù)據(jù)模型如下圖:
由此我們可以看出一下關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系:
1 Students 和 Contact(聯(lián)系方式)一對一關(guān)系。
2 Students 和 History(選課歷史) 一對多關(guān)系
3 Students 和 Classes 多對多關(guān)系。
4 Classes 和 Classes_info 一對多關(guān)系。
5 Classes 和 Teachers 多對一關(guān)系。
6 Classes 和 Courses 多對一關(guān)系。
7 Course 和 Department(系) 多對一關(guān)系。
8 Teachers 和 Department 多對一關(guān)系。
9 Students 和 Department 多對一關(guān)系。
在Hibernate中將以上關(guān)系一一映射,如Students 和 History 一對多關(guān)系
Students.cfg.xm.:
2 table="history"
3 cascade="all"
4 inverse="true"
5 lazy="true" >
6 <key column="student_id"/>
7 <one-to-many class="limq.hibernate.vo.History"
8 />
9 < SPAN>set>
10
同樣在History.cfg.xml中加入:
2 class="limq.hibernate.vo.Students"
3 column="student_id" >
4 < SPAN>many-to-one>
5
用過MyEclipse開發(fā)Hibernate的就知道,MyEclipse會(huì)幫助我們生成持久對象和抽象對象,我們要在 Students.java 中加入對History的引用
private Set history=new HashSet();
public Set getHistory() {
return history;
}
public void setHistory(Set history) {
this.history = history;
}
同時(shí),在AbstractHistory.java 中刪除student_id 以及對應(yīng)的get,set 方法,History.java 中加入
private Students student;
public Students getStudent() {
return student;
}
public void setStudent(Students student) {
this.student = student;
}
具體內(nèi)容請查看 源代碼。
2 DAO 數(shù)據(jù)訪問層
首先,編寫IBaseDao與BaseDao,其中IBaseDao代碼如下:
2
3 import java.util.Collection;
4 import java.util.List;
5 import net.sf.hibernate.Criteria;
6 import net.sf.hibernate.Query;
7 import net.sf.hibernate.Session;
8 import limq.exception.DaoException;
9
10 public interface IBaseDao {
11
12 public Session openSession();
13
14 public int getTotalCount( String hql) throws Exception;
15
16 public Query getQuery(String sql) throws Exception;
17
18 public Criteria getCriteria(Class clazz) throws Exception;
19
20 public int getTotalPage(int totalCount,int pageSize);
21
22 public void create(Object entity);
23
24 public void update(Object entity);
25
26 public void delete(Object entity) throws DaoException;
27
28 public void deleteAll(Class clazz) throws DaoException;
29
30 public void deleteAll(Collection entities) throws DaoException;
31
32 public Object loadByKey(Class clazz, String keyName, Object keyValue);
33
34 public List find(String queryString) throws DaoException;
35
36 public List find(String queryString, Object param) throws DaoException;
37
38 public List find(String queryString, Object[] params) throws DaoException;
39
40 }
41
BaseDao繼承org.springframework.orm.hibernate.support.HibernateDaoSupport
實(shí)現(xiàn)以上的 定義的方法
如:
2 try {
3 getHibernateTemplate().save(entity);
4
5 } catch (Exception e) {
6 log.error("保存 " + entity.getClass().getName() + " 實(shí)例到數(shù)據(jù)庫失敗", e);
7
8 }
9 }
10 /**
11 * 獲得session
12 */
13 public Session openSession() {
14 return SessionFactoryUtils.getSession(getSessionFactory(), false);
15 }
16
17 /**
18 * 獲得Query對象
19 */
20 public Query getQuery(String sql) throws Exception{
21 Session session = this.openSession();
22 Query query = session.createQuery(sql);
23 return query;
24 }
25 /**
26 * 獲得Criteria對象
27 */
28 public Criteria getCriteria(Class clazz) throws Exception{
29
30 Session session=this.openSession();
31 Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(clazz);
32 return criteria;
33 }
34
可以看到,這里即充分利用了Spring對Hibernate的支持,還彌補(bǔ)了Spring的不足。最后分別為每個(gè)持久對象建立Interface,以及DAO,使其分別繼承IBaseDao與BaseDao。
如IDepartment,DepartmentDao
2
3 public class DepartmentDao extends BaseDao implements IBaseDao {}
4
3 Service 層
在這里需要認(rèn)真思考每個(gè)業(yè)務(wù)邏輯所能用到的持久層對象和DAO,還要完成配置Spring框架, 首先我一起看看applications-service.xml
2 DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
3 "http://www./dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
4 <beans>
5 <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
6 <property name="driverClassName">
7 <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver< SPAN>value>
8 < SPAN>property>
9 <property name="url">
10 <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Student< SPAN>value>
11 < SPAN>property>
12 <property name="username">
13 <value>root< SPAN>value>
14 < SPAN>property>
15 <property name="password">
16 <value>< SPAN>value>
17 < SPAN>property>
18 < SPAN>bean>
19 <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
20 <property name="dataSource">
21 <ref local="dataSource"/>
22 < SPAN>property>
23 <property name="mappingResources">
24 <list>
25 <value>limq/hibernate/vo/Admins.hbm.xml< SPAN>value>
26 <value>limq/hibernate/vo/Classes.hbm.xml< SPAN>value>
27 <value>limq/hibernate/vo/Courses.hbm.xml< SPAN>value>
28 <value>limq/hibernate/vo/Students.hbm.xml< SPAN>value>
29 <value>limq/hibernate/vo/ClassesInfo.hbm.xml< SPAN>value>
30 <value>limq/hibernate/vo/Contact.hbm.xml< SPAN>value>
31 <value>limq/hibernate/vo/Department.hbm.xml< SPAN>value>
32 <value>limq/hibernate/vo/History.hbm.xml< SPAN>value>
33 <value>limq/hibernate/vo/Teachers.hbm.xml< SPAN>value>
34 < SPAN>list>
35 < SPAN>property>
36 <property name="hibernateProperties">
37 <props>
38 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">net.sf.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect< SPAN>prop>
39 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true< SPAN>prop>
40 < SPAN>props>
41 < SPAN>property>
42 < SPAN>bean>
43 <bean id="myTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate.HibernateTransactionManager">
44 <property name="sessionFactory">
45 <ref local="sessionFactory"/>
46 < SPAN>property>
47 < SPAN>bean>
48
49 <bean id="hibernateInterceptor" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate.HibernateInterceptor">
50 <property name="sessionFactory">
51 <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
52 < SPAN>property>
53 < SPAN>bean>
54 <bean id="studentDaoTarget" class="limq.hibernate.dao.StudentsDao">
55 <property name="sessionFactory">
56 <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
57 < SPAN>property>
58 < SPAN>bean>
59 <bean id="teacherDaoTarget" class="limq.hibernate.dao.TeachersDao">
60 <property name="sessionFactory">
61 <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
62 < SPAN>property>
63 < SPAN>bean>
64 <bean id="courseDaoTarget" class="limq.hibernate.dao.CoursesDao">
65 <property name="sessionFactory">
66 <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
67 < SPAN>property>
68 < SPAN>bean>
69 <bean id="classDaoTarget" class="limq.hibernate.dao.ClassesDao">
70 <property name="sessionFactory">
71 <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
72 < SPAN>property>
73 < SPAN>bean>
74 <bean id="departmentDaoTarget" class="limq.hibernate.dao.DepartmentDao">
75 <property name="sessionFactory">
76 <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
77 < SPAN>property>
78 < SPAN>bean>
79 <bean id="adminDaoTarget" class="limq.hibernate.dao.AdminDao">
80 <property name="sessionFactory">
81 <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
82 < SPAN>property>
83 < SPAN>bean>
84 <bean id="studentDao" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
85 <property name="proxyInterfaces">
86 <value>limq.hibernate.dao.IStudents< SPAN>value>
87 < SPAN>property>
88 <property name="interceptorNames">
89 <list>
90 <value>hibernateInterceptor< SPAN>value>
91 <value>studentDaoTarget< SPAN>value>
92 < SPAN>list>
93 < SPAN>property>
94 < SPAN>bean>
95 <bean id="teacherDao" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
96 <property name="proxyInterfaces">
97 <value>limq.hibernate.dao.ITeachers< SPAN>value>
98 < SPAN>property>
99 <property name="interceptorNames">
100 <list>
101 <value>hibernateInterceptor< SPAN>value>
102 <value>teacherDaoTarget< SPAN>value>
103 < SPAN>list>
104 < SPAN>property>
105 < SPAN>bean>
106 <bean id="courseDao" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
107 <property name="proxyInterfaces">
108 <value>limq.hibernate.dao.ICourses< SPAN>value>
109 < SPAN>property>
110 <property name="interceptorNames">
111 <list>
112 <value>hibernateInterceptor< SPAN>value>
113 <value>courseDaoTarget< SPAN>value>
114 < SPAN>list>
115 < SPAN>property>
116 < SPAN>bean>
117 <bean id="classDao" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
118 <property name="proxyInterfaces">
119 <value>limq.hibernate.dao.IClasses< SPAN>value>
120 < SPAN>property>
121 <property name="interceptorNames">
122 <list>
123 <value>hibernateInterceptor< SPAN>value>
124 <value>classDaoTarget< SPAN>value>
125 < SPAN>list>
126 < SPAN>property>
127 < SPAN>bean>
128 <bean id="departmentDao" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
129 <property name="proxyInterfaces">
130 <value>limq.hibernate.dao.IDepartment< SPAN>value>
131 < SPAN>property>
132 <property name="interceptorNames">
133 <list>
134 <value>hibernateInterceptor< SPAN>value>
135 <value>departmentDaoTarget< SPAN>value>
136 < SPAN>list>
137 < SPAN>property>
138 < SPAN>bean>
139 <bean id="adminDao" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
140 <property name="proxyInterfaces">
141 <value>limq.hibernate.dao.IAdmin< SPAN>value>
142 < SPAN>property>
143 <property name="interceptorNames">
144 <list>
145 <value>hibernateInterceptor< SPAN>value>
146 <value>adminDaoTarget< SPAN>value>
147 < SPAN>list>
148 < SPAN>property>
149 < SPAN>bean>
150
151 <bean id="studentManagerTarget" class="limq.spring.service.StudentsServiceImpl">
152 <property name="studentsDao">
153 <ref bean="studentDao"/>
154 < SPAN>property>
155 <property name="coursesDao">
156 <ref bean="courseDao"/>
157 < SPAN>property>
158 <property name="classesDao">
159 <ref bean="classDao"/>
160 < SPAN>property>
161 <property name="departmentsdao">
162 <ref bean="departmentDao"/>
163 < SPAN>property>
164 < SPAN>bean>
165 <bean id="teacherManagerTarget" class="limq.spring.service.TeachersServiceImpl">
166 <property name="teachersDao">
167 <ref bean="teacherDao"/>
168 < SPAN>property>
169 <property name="coursesDao">
170 <ref bean="courseDao"/>
171 < SPAN>property>
172 <property name="classesDao">
173 <ref bean="classDao"/>
174 < SPAN>property>
175 <property name="studentsDao">
176 <ref bean="studentDao"/>
177 < SPAN>property>
178 < SPAN>bean>
179 <bean id="adminManagerTarget" class="limq.spring.service.AdminServiceImpl">
180 <property name="adminDao">
181 <ref bean="adminDao"/>
182 < SPAN>property>
183 <property name="teachersDao">
184 <ref bean="teacherDao"/>
185 < SPAN>property>
186 <property name="coursesDao">
187 <ref bean="courseDao"/>
188 < SPAN>property>
189 <property name="classesDao">
190 <ref bean="classDao"/>
191 < SPAN>property>
192 <property name="studentsDao">
193 <ref bean="studentDao"/>
194 < SPAN>property>
195 <property name="departmentsdao">
196 <ref bean="departmentDao"/>
197 < SPAN>property>
198 < SPAN>bean>
199
200 <bean id="studentManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
201 <property name="transactionManager">
202 <ref bean="myTransactionManager"/>
203 < SPAN>property>
204 <property name="target">
205 <ref bean="studentManagerTarget"/>
206 < SPAN>property>
207 <property name="transactionAttributes">
208 <props>
209 <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS< SPAN>prop>
210 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED< SPAN>prop>
211 < SPAN>props>
212 < SPAN>property>
213 < SPAN>bean>
214 <bean id="teacherManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
215 <property name="transactionManager">
216 <ref bean="myTransactionManager"/>
217 < SPAN>property>
218 <property name="target">
219 <ref bean="teacherManagerTarget"/>
220 < SPAN>property>
221 <property name="transactionAttributes">
222 <props>
223 <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS< SPAN>prop>
224 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED< SPAN>prop>
225 < SPAN>props>
226 < SPAN>property>
227 < SPAN>bean>
228 <bean id="adminManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
229 <property name="transactionManager">
230 <ref bean="myTransactionManager"/>
231 < SPAN>property>
232 <property name="target">
233 <ref bean="adminManagerTarget"/>
234 < SPAN>property>
235 <property name="transactionAttributes">
236 <props>
237 <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS< SPAN>prop>
238 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED< SPAN>prop>
239 < SPAN>props>
240 < SPAN>property>
241 < SPAN>bean>
242 < SPAN>beans>
243
以StudentsServiceImpl以為例,下圖演示了如何利用Spring的Ioc與Hibernate的結(jié)合。
可以看到分別將studentDao,classDao,coursesDao,departmentDao,注入studentManager.
2 public interface IStudentsService {
3
4 public boolean validate(String username,String pasword);
5 public Classes[] getClassesFromCourse(Courses courses);
6 public Department getDepFromID(Integer id);
7 public Courses getCourseFromID(Integer id);
8 public Classes getClassFromID(Integer id);
9 public Students getStudetFromName(String name);
10 public boolean ifEnrolSameCourse(Classes clazz,Students stu);
11 public void selectClasses(Students stu, Classes clazz,Date date);
12 public boolean ifMoreThanCap(Classes clazz);
13 public void updateSudent(Students stu,Contact contact);
14 public HashMap getCourse(PageInfo pageinfo) throws Exception;
15 public HashMap getStudentHistory(PageInfo pageinfo,String stu_name) throws Exception;
16
17 }
18
19 實(shí)現(xiàn)StudentsServiceImpl.java
20 public class StudentsServiceImpl implements IStudentsService {
21
22 private Logger log = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass());
23
24 private IStudents studentsDao;
25
26 private ICourses coursesDao;
27
28 private IClasses classesDao;
29
30 private IDepartment departmentsdao;
31
32 /**
33 * 驗(yàn)證用戶名密碼
34 *
35 * @param username
36 * 用戶名
37 * @param password
38 * 密碼
39 */
40
41 public boolean validate(String username, String password) {
42
43 String password2 = studentsDao.getPasswordFromUsername(username);
44 if (password.equals(password2))
45 return true;
46 else
47 return false;
48
49 }
50
51 /**
52 * 查找所有課程
53 *
54 */
55 public Courses[] getAllCourses() {
56
57 List list = null;
58 try {
59
60 list = coursesDao.find("select c from Courses as c ");
61 } catch (Exception e) {
62 }
63
64 return (Courses[]) list.toArray(new Courses[0]);
65 }
66
67 /**
68 * 分頁顯示所有課程
69 *
70 * @param pageinfo
71 */
72 public HashMap getCourse(PageInfo pageinfo) throws Exception {
73
74 HashMap hp = new HashMap();
75 String hsql = "select c from Courses as c order by c.id";
76 Query query = coursesDao.getQuery(hsql);
77 int totalCount = pageinfo.getTatalCount();
78 int totalPage = pageinfo.getTotalpage();
79 int start = pageinfo.getStart();
80 totalCount = totalCount == -1 ? coursesDao.getTotalCount(hsql)
81 : totalCount;
82 totalPage = totalPage == -1 ? coursesDao.getTotalPage(totalCount,
83 pageinfo.getPageSize()) : totalPage;
84 query.setFirstResult(start);
85 query.setMaxResults(pageinfo.getPageSize());
86 List list = query.list();
87 hp.put("courses", (Courses[]) list.toArray(new Courses[0]));
88 hp.put("totalCount", new Integer(totalCount));
89 hp.put("totalPage", new Integer(totalPage));
90 return hp;
91 }
92 /**
93 * 分頁顯示所有選課歷史
94 * @param pageinfo
95 * @param stu_name
96 */
97 public HashMap getStudentHistory(PageInfo pageinfo, String stu_name)
98 throws Exception {
99 HashMap hp = new HashMap();
100 Students stu = this.getStudetFromName(stu_name);
101 Integer stu_id = stu.getId();
102 Criteria criteria = coursesDao.getCriteria(History.class);
103 criteria.createCriteria("student").add(Expression.eq("name", stu_name));
104 int totalCount = pageinfo.getTatalCount();
105 int totalPage = pageinfo.getTotalpage();
106 int start = pageinfo.getStart();
107 totalCount = totalCount == -1 ? criteria.list().size() : totalCount;
108 totalPage = totalPage == -1 ? studentsDao.getTotalPage(totalCount,
109 pageinfo.getPageSize()) : totalPage;
110 criteria.setFirstResult(start);
111 criteria.setMaxResults(pageinfo.getPageSize());
112 criteria.addOrder(Order.asc("id"));
113 List list = criteria.list();
114 hp.put("history", (History[]) list.toArray(new History[0]));
115 hp.put("totalCount", new Integer(totalCount));
116 hp.put("totalPage", new Integer(totalPage));
117 return hp;
118 }
119 /**
120 * 根據(jù)課程查找班級
121 * @param course
122 * 課程實(shí)體
123 * @return 返回該課程下所有班級
124 */
125 public Classes[] getClassesFromCourse(Courses course) {
126 return coursesDao.getClassesFromCourse(course);
127 }
128
129 /**
130 * 根據(jù)主鍵查找系
131 * @param id
132 * 主鍵ID
133 */
134 public Department getDepFromID(Integer id) {
135 return (Department) departmentsdao
136 .loadByKey(Department.class, "id", id);
137 }
138
139 /**
140 * 根據(jù)主鍵查找課程
141 * @param id
142 * 主鍵ID
143 */
144 public Courses getCourseFromID(Integer id) {
145 return (Courses) coursesDao.loadByKey(Courses.class, "id", id);
146 }
147 /**
148 * 根據(jù)主鍵查找班級
149 * @param id
150 * 主鍵ID
151 */
152 public Classes getClassFromID(Integer id) {
153 return (Classes) classesDao.loadByKey(Classes.class, "id", id);
154 }
155
156 /**
157 * 根據(jù)姓名查找學(xué)生
158 * @param name
159 */
160 public Students getStudetFromName(String name) {
161 return (Students) studentsDao.loadByKey(Students.class, "name", name);
162 }
163
164 /**
165 * 檢查學(xué)生是否選報(bào)了同一課程的班級
166 * @param clazz
167 * 所選報(bào)的班級
168 * @param stu
169 * 學(xué)生實(shí)體
170 * @return true 該生選報(bào)同一課程的班級
171 * @return false 沒有報(bào)過該課程的班級,可以選報(bào)
172 *
173 */
174 public boolean ifEnrolSameCourse(Classes clazz, Students stu) {
175
176 Courses cour = clazz.getCourse();
177
178 Classes[] classes = (Classes[]) stu.getClasses()
179 .toArray(new Classes[0]);
180 for (int i = 0; i < classes.length; i++) {
181
182 Courses c1 = classes[i].getCourse();
183
184 if (c1.getId().equals(cour.getId()))
185 return true;
186 }
187 return false;
188 }
189
190 /**
191 * 檢查課程的目前人數(shù)
192 * @param clazz
193 * 檢查班級人數(shù)是否已滿
194 * @param clazz
195 * 班級實(shí)體
196 * @return true 班級人數(shù)已滿
197 * @return false 班級人數(shù)未滿
198 *
199 */
200 public boolean ifMoreThanCap(Classes clazz) {
201 Integer capacity = clazz.getCapacity();
202 Integer maxcapacity = clazz.getMaxcapacity();
203 if (capacity.intValue() < maxcapacity.intValue()) {
204 clazz.setCapacity(Integer.valueOf(capacity.intValue() + 1));
205 //classesDao.update(clazz);
206 return false;
207 } else
208 return true;
209
210 }
211
212 /**
213 * 數(shù)據(jù)庫插入選擇班級的記錄
214 * @param stu
215 * 學(xué)生
216 * @param clazz
217 * 所選擇的班級
218 */
219 public void selectClasses(Students stu, Classes clazz, Date date)
220 {
221 stu.getClasses().add(clazz);
222 clazz.getStudents().add(stu);
223 History his = new History();
224 his.setEnrolTime(date);
225 his.setStudent(stu);
226 his.setClasses(clazz);
227 his.setScore(clazz.getCourse().getScore());
228 his.setMarking(new Double(0));
229 try{
230 String cour_name=new String(clazz.getCourse().getName().getBytes("GBK"));
231 his.setCourseName(cour_name);
232 }catch( java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException e){e.getStackTrace();}
233 stu.getHistory().add(his);
234 }
235
236 public void updateSudent(Students stu,Contact contact){
237
238 studentsDao.update(stu);
239 studentsDao.update(contact);
240
241 }
242 public IStudents getStudentsDao() {
243 return studentsDao;
244 }
245 public void setStudentsDao(IStudents studentsDao) {
246 this.studentsDao = studentsDao;
247 }
248 public IClasses getClassesDao() {
249 return classesDao;
250 }
251 public void setClassesDao(IClasses classesDao) {
252 this.classesDao = classesDao;
253 }
254 public ICourses getCoursesDao() {
255 return coursesDao;
256 }
257 public void setCoursesDao(ICourses coursesDao) {
258 this.coursesDao = coursesDao;
259 }
260 public IDepartment getDepartmentsdao() {
261 return departmentsdao;
262 }
263 public void setDepartmentsdao(IDepartment departmentdao) {
264 this.departmentsdao = departmentdao;
265 }
266 }
267
268
4 UI層
這里我們選擇Struts,首先配置 web.xml
2 <web-app xmlns="http://java./xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.4" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java./xml/ns/j2ee http://java./xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
3 <context-param>
4 <param-name>contextConfigLocation< SPAN>param-name>
5 <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applications-service.xml< SPAN>param-value>
6 < SPAN>context-param>
7 <context-param>
8 <param-name>log4jConfigLocation< SPAN>param-name>
9 <param-value>/WEB-INF/log4j.properties< SPAN>param-value>
10 < SPAN>context-param>
11 <filter>
12 <filter-name>hibernateFilter< SPAN>filter-name>
13 <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter< SPAN>filter-class>
14 < SPAN>filter>
15 <filter-mapping>
16 <filter-name>hibernateFilter< SPAN>filter-name>
17 <url-pattern>/*< SPAN>url-pattern>
18 < SPAN>filter-mapping>
19 <filter>
20 <filter-name>Set Character Encoding< SPAN>filter-name>
21 <filter-class>limq.struts.SetCharacterEncodingFilter< SPAN>filter-class>
22 < SPAN>filter>
23 <filter-mapping>
24 <filter-name>Set Character Encoding< SPAN>filter-name>
25 <url-pattern>/*< SPAN>url-pattern>
26 < SPAN>filter-mapping>
27 <servlet>
28 <servlet-name>SpringContextServlet< SPAN>servlet-name>
29 <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet< SPAN>servlet-class>
30 <load-on-startup>1< SPAN>load-on-startup>
31 < SPAN>servlet>
32 <servlet>
33 <servlet-name>action< SPAN>servlet-name>
34 <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet< SPAN>servlet-class>
35 <init-param>
36 <param-name>config< SPAN>param-name>
37 <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml< SPAN>param-value>
38 < SPAN>init-param>
39 <init-param>
40 <param-name>debug< SPAN>param-name>
41 <param-value>3< SPAN>param-value>
42 < SPAN>init-param>
43 <init-param>
44 <param-name>detail< SPAN>param-name>
45 <param-value>3< SPAN>param-value>
46 < SPAN>init-param>
47 <load-on-startup>0< SPAN>load-on-startup>
48 < SPAN>servlet>
49 <servlet-mapping>
50 <servlet-name>action< SPAN>servlet-name>
51 <url-pattern>*.do< SPAN>url-pattern>
52 < SPAN>servlet-mapping>
53 < SPAN>web-app>
54
55
其中注意這幾句,
2 <filter-name>hibernateFilter< SPAN>filter-name>
3 <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter< SPAN>filter-class>
4 < SPAN>filter>
5 <filter-mapping>
6 <filter-name>hibernateFilter< SPAN>filter-name>
7 <url-pattern>/*< SPAN>url-pattern>
8 < SPAN>filter-mapping>
9
由于我們使用了lazy = "true",如果想在UI層使用實(shí)體對象關(guān)聯(lián)來獲得其他對象時(shí)就會(huì)有這樣的提示:
org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection
Spring 中引入了 OpenSessionInView模式可以處理以上問題,即在web.xml中加入以上代碼。
接下來建立抽象BaseAction,和 BaseDispatchAction,其中后者與前者相似目的為減少Action的數(shù)量
2
3 private IStudentsService studentsService;
4 private ITeachersService teachersSerivce;
5 private IAdminService adminService;
6 public void setServlet(ActionServlet actionServlet) {
7 super.setServlet(actionServlet);
8 ServletContext servletContext = actionServlet.getServletContext();
9 WebApplicationContext wac = WebApplicationContextUtils
10 .getRequiredWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
11
12 this.studentsService = (IStudentsService) wac.getBean("studentManager");
13 this.adminService = (IAdminService) wac.getBean("adminManager");
14 this.teachersSerivce = (ITeachersService) wac.getBean("teacherManager");
15 }
16 public IStudentsService getStudentsService() {
17 return studentsService;
18 }
19 public ITeachersService getTeachersSerivce() {
20 return teachersSerivce;
21 }
22 public void setTeachersSerivce(ITeachersService teachersSerivce) {
23 this.teachersSerivce = teachersSerivce;
24 }
25 public IAdminService getAdminService() {
26 return adminService;
27 }
28 public void setAdminService(IAdminService adminService) {
29 this.adminService = adminService;
30 }
31 }
32
BaseDispatchAction與之類似,請查看源碼。其他Action都從這兩個(gè)類繼承。
以下就以查看課程下的班級為例演示Struts與Spring的使用:
2 /**
3 * 查看課程下的班級
4 */
5 public ActionForward viewClassFromCourse(ActionMapping mapping,
6 ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
7 HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
8 Integer cour_id = Integer.valueOf((request.getParameter("cour_id")));
9 Courses cour = super.getStudentsService().getCourseFromID(cour_id);
10 Classes[] clazz =(Classes[])cour.getClasses().toArray(new Classes[0]);
11 request.setAttribute("clazz", clazz);
12 return mapping.findForward("success");
13 }
14
這里從上一個(gè)頁面獲得課程編號 cour_id, 然后通過StudentsServiceImpl中的
2 return (Courses) coursesDao.loadByKey(Courses.class, "id", id);
3 }
4
方法查到Courses實(shí)例,利用Courses和Classes的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系得到Classes[],在將其放入
Request. 通過mapping.findForward("success"),轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到
select_course_Content.jsp
CustomRequestProcessor.java 介紹
2 protected boolean processPreprocess(HttpServletRequest request,
3 HttpServletResponse response) {
4 boolean continueProcessing = true;
5 HttpSession session = request.getSession();
6 String uri =request.getRequestURI();
7 if ( session == null || session.getAttribute("userName") == null ) {
8 continueProcessing = false;
9 if(uri.endsWith("login.do")) return true;
10 try{
11 response.sendRedirect("/StudentManger/login.jsp" );
12 }catch( Exception ex ){
13 log.error( "Problem sending redirect from processPreprocess()" );
14 }
15 }
16 return continueProcessing;
17 }
18 }
19
為了驗(yàn)證用戶操作權(quán)限,這里擴(kuò)展了Struts 的RequestProcessor來判斷Session如果Session和userName都不空則程序繼續(xù),否則重定向到login.jsp。要想擴(kuò)展RequestProcessor類,需在Struts的配置文件中加入
2 contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8"
3 locale="true"
4 nocache="true"
5 processorClass="limq.struts.CustomRequestProcessor"/>
6
呵呵,當(dāng)然在正規(guī)使用時(shí)僅僅這樣驗(yàn)證是不夠的。歡迎你把自己修改方法告訴我。
4分頁處理:
下面重點(diǎn)討論一下Hibernate的分頁處理方式。
Hibernate 中處理查詢主要有 Query ,Criteria,分別以 HSQL或編程方式實(shí)現(xiàn),
本例對這兩種方法都有相關(guān)處理。由于在Spring中無法直接使用Query和Criteria對象
所以只有先從Spring那里借一個(gè)Session,等使用完了在還給Sping處理。讀者應(yīng)該還記得在BaseDao中有這樣的語句方便我們獲取Session及其他對象:
2 Session session = this.openSession();
3 Query query = session.createQuery(sql);
4 return query;
5 }
6
7 public Criteria getCriteria(Class clazz) throws Exception{
8
9 Session session=this.openSession();
10 Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(clazz);
11 return criteria;
12 }
13
Service層以查詢所有課程與學(xué)生選課記錄為例處理Query與Criteria:
2 public HashMap getCourse(PageInfo pageinfo) throws Exception {
3
4 HashMap hp = new HashMap();
5 String hsql = "select c from Courses as c order by c.id";
6 Query query = coursesDao.getQuery(hsql);
7 int totalCount = pageinfo.getTatalCount();
8 int totalPage = pageinfo.getTotalpage();
9 int start = pageinfo.getStart();
10 totalCount = totalCount == -1 ? coursesDao.getTotalCount(hsql)
11 : totalCount;
12 totalPage = totalPage == -1 ? coursesDao.getTotalPage(totalCount,
13 pageinfo.getPageSize()) : totalPage;
14 query.setFirstResult(start);
15 query.setMaxResults(pageinfo.getPageSize());
16 List list = query.list();
17 hp.put("courses", (Courses[]) list.toArray(new Courses[0]));
18 hp.put("totalCount", new Integer(totalCount));
19 hp.put("totalPage", new Integer(totalPage));
20 return hp;
21 }
22
23 public HashMap getStudentHistory(PageInfo pageinfo, String stu_name)
24 throws Exception {
25 HashMap hp = new HashMap();
26 Students stu = this.getStudetFromName(stu_name);
27 Integer stu_id = stu.getId();
28 Criteria criteria = coursesDao.getCriteria(History.class);
29 criteria.createCriteria("student").add(Expression.eq("name", stu_name));
30 int totalCount = pageinfo.getTatalCount();
31 int totalPage = pageinfo.getTotalpage();
32 int start = pageinfo.getStart();
33 totalCount = totalCount == -1 ? criteria.list().size() : totalCount;
34 totalPage = totalPage == -1 ? studentsDao.getTotalPage(totalCount,
35 pageinfo.getPageSize()) : totalPage;
36 criteria.setFirstResult(start);
37 criteria.setMaxResults(pageinfo.getPageSize());
38 criteria.addOrder(Order.asc("id"));
39 List list = criteria.list();
40 hp.put("history", (History[]) list.toArray(new History[0]));
41 hp.put("totalCount", new Integer(totalCount));
42 hp.put("totalPage", new Integer(totalPage));
43 return hp;
44 }
45 PageIngfo.java
46 public class PageInfo {
47
48 int pageNo=0;
49 int totalpage=-1;
50 int tatalCount=-1;
51 int pageSize=0;
52 int start=0;
53
例介紹Struts+Spring+Hibernate開發(fā).files/dot.gif)
例介紹Struts+Spring+Hibernate開發(fā).files/dot.gif)
54
可以看到getCourse和getStudentHistory有很多相似之處,Hibernate為Query和Criteria提供了針對不同數(shù)據(jù)庫的解決分頁方法, Quey需要我們寫HSQL, Criteria不但可以應(yīng)付帶有條件的查詢,還不用我們自己寫HSQL,PageInfo是含有分頁信息的普通java類。
再看看Struts是如何調(diào)用getStudentHistory 的,
2 public class PageAction extends BaseDispatchAction{
3 public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping,
4 ActionForm form,
5 HttpServletRequest request,
6 HttpServletResponse response)
7 throws Exception {
8 String pageNo=request.getParameter("pageNo");
9 String totalcount=request.getParameter("totalcount");
10 String totalpage=request.getParameter("totalpage");
11 int pagesize=2;//每頁的大小
12 PageInfo page =new PageInfo();
13 page.setPageSize(pagesize);
14 HashMap hp=null;
15 History[] historys = null;
16 String stu_name=null;
17 HttpSession session = request.getSession();
18 stu_name = (String) session.getAttribute("userName");
19 if(pageNo == null || totalcount == null || totalpage==null){
20 //第一次發(fā)送請求
21 page.setPageNo(1);
22 hp=super.getStudentsService().getStudentHistory(page,stu_name);
23 page.setTatalCount(((Integer)hp.get("totalCount")).intValue());
24 page.setTotalpage(((Integer)hp.get("totalPage")).intValue());
25 }else{
26 page.setPageNo(Integer.parseInt(pageNo));
27 page.setTatalCount(Integer.parseInt(totalcount));
28 page.setTotalpage(Integer.parseInt(totalpage));
29 hp=super.getStudentsService().getStudentHistory(page,stu_name);
30
31 }
32 historys =(History[]) hp.get("history");
33 request.setAttribute("history",historys);
34 request.setAttribute("pageinfo",page);
35 return mapping.findForward("success");
36 }
37 }
38
在stu_his_Content.jsp中避免代碼重復(fù)使用了自定義標(biāo)志來處理分頁
2 <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %>
3 <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %>
4 <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld" prefix="logic" %>
5 <%@ page import="limq.hibernate.vo.*"%>
6 <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/MyTag.tld" prefix="mytag"%>
7 <%@ page import="limq.common.*"%>
8 <html:html locale="true">
9 <body>
10 <%
11 PageInfo pageinfo =(PageInfo) request.getAttribute("pageinfo");
12 History[] historys = (History[])request.getAttribute("history");
13 %>
14 <table width="550" border="1" cellspacing="0" align="center" cellpadding="0">
15 <tr>
16 <td><bean:message key="class.id"/>< SPAN>td>
17 <td><bean:message key="course.name"/>< SPAN>td>
18 <td><bean:message key="enrol.time"/>< SPAN>td>
19 <td><bean:message key="score"/>< SPAN>td>
20 <td><bean:message key="marking"/>< SPAN>td>
21 < SPAN>tr>
22 <%
23 for(int i=0;i<historys.length;i++){
24 History his=historys[i];
25 %>
26 <tr>
27 <td><%=his.getClasses().getId()%>< SPAN>td>
28 <td><%=his.getCourseName()%>< SPAN>td>
29 <td><%=his.getEnrolTime()%>< SPAN>td>
30 <td><%=his.getScore()%>< SPAN>td>
31 <td><%=his.getMarking()%>< SPAN>td>
32 < SPAN>tr>
33 <%
34 }
35 %>
36 < SPAN>table>
37 <mytag:page pageinfo="<%=pageinfo%>" action="getHistory.do"/>
38 < SPAN>body>
39 < SPAN>html:html>
40
標(biāo)志處理類如下:
2
3 public class PageTag extends SimpleTagSupport {
4
5 private PageInfo pageinfo = null;
6 private String action = null;
7
8 public String getAction() {
9 return action;}
10 public void setAction(String action) {
11 this.action = action;
12 }
13 public PageInfo getPageinfo() {
14 return pageinfo;
15 }
16 public void setPageinfo(PageInfo pageinfo) {
17 this.pageinfo = pageinfo;
18 }
19
20 public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {
21 JspWriter out = getJspContext().getOut();
22
23 int totalpage = pageinfo.getTotalpage();
24 int totalcount = pageinfo.getTatalCount();
25 int pageNo = pageinfo.getPageNo();
26 int addPageNo = pageNo + 1;
27 int minPageNo = pageNo - 1;
28
29 out.println("
"); 34 if (pageNo > 1) { 35 out 36 .println("&"/StudentManger/" + action 37 + "?pageNo=1"+ "&totalpage=" + totalpage + "&totalcount=" 38 + totalcount + "\">" ); 39 } 40 out.print("首頁"); 41 out.println(" "); 42 if (pageNo > 1) { 43 out.println("&"/StudentManger/" + action + "?pageNo=" 44 + minPageNo + "&totalpage=" + totalpage + "&totalcount=" 45 + totalcount + "\">"); 46 } 47 out.print("上頁"); 48 out.println(" "); 49 if (pageNo < totalpage) { 50 out.println("&"/StudentManger/" + action + "?pageNo=" 51 + addPageNo + "&totalpage=" + totalpage + "&totalcount=" 52 + totalcount + "\">"); 53 } 54 out.print("下頁"); 55 out.println(" "); 56 if (pageNo < totalpage) { 57 58 out.println(""/StudentManger/" + action + "?pageNo=" 59 + totalpage + "&totalpage=" + totalpage + "&totalcount=" 60 + totalcount + "\">"); 61 62 } 63 out.print("末頁"); 64 out.println(" "); 65 out.println(" |
");
66
67 }
68
69 }
70
5 中文亂碼問題:
1 數(shù)據(jù)庫:MYSQL 4.1 (或以上版本)4.1直接支持Unicode,以下版本支持的不好。
2 驅(qū)動(dòng): MySQL JDBC Driver的
3 在數(shù)據(jù)庫中做如下設(shè)定
4 在建立表時(shí)同樣加上ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk
2 `id` int(20) NOT NULL default ‘0‘,
3 `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL default ‘‘,
4 `department_id` int(11) default NULL,
5 `password` varchar(20) default NULL,
6 `score` double(15,3) default NULL,
7 PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
8 ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk
9
5 配置hibernate.cfg.xml
2 <property name="dialect">net.sf.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect< SPAN>property>
3 <property name="connection.password">< SPAN>property>
4 <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver< SPAN>property>
5
robbin: MySQL JDBC Driver的
MySQL JDBC Driver
因此,使用什么數(shù)據(jù)庫版本,不管是3.x,還是4.0.x還是4.1.x,其實(shí)對我們來說不重要,重要的有二:
1) 正確的設(shè)定數(shù)據(jù)庫編碼,MySQL4.0以下版本的字符集總是默認(rèn)ISO8859-1,MySQL4.1在安裝的時(shí)候會(huì)讓你選擇。如果你準(zhǔn)備使用UTF- 8,那么在創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫的時(shí)候就要指定好UTF-8(創(chuàng)建好以后也可以改,4.1以上版本還可以單獨(dú)指定表的字符集)
2) 使用3.0.16以上版本的JDBC Driver,那么你就不需要再寫什么characterEncoding=UTF-8
6 開發(fā)工具介紹
MyEclipse 3.8
首先添加用戶庫,如下圖將Struts,Spring,Hibernate 的庫添加到用戶庫中
如果出現(xiàn)環(huán)境問題可能你的Struts包有問題,請到http://struts./download.cgi下載struts-1.2.7-lib.zip 。
具體使用參考http://www./struts-hibernate-integration-tutorial-en.html
總結(jié)
本文至此已將Struts+Sprng+Hibernate的大致思路以及本人所遇到的難點(diǎn),重點(diǎn)介紹完了。
其中管理員我只完成了對學(xué)生的部分,其他功能大同小異,有興趣的讀者不妨動(dòng)手試試。最后建議初學(xué)者不要直接使用Spring對Hibernate的封裝,而是從Hibernate學(xué)起,先要學(xué)會(huì)自己管理Session,Transaction,然后在用Spring,這樣理解會(huì)更深刻。同時(shí)如果你有好的建議,或問題請聯(lián)系我
QQ 39315890
Email: mill_lmq@yahoo.com.cn
posted on 2005-09-20 20:47 limq 閱讀(4788) 評論(16) 編輯 收藏 收藏至365Key
評論
# re: Struts+Spring+Hibernate開發(fā)實(shí)例 回復(fù)
收藏。不過提供的代碼下載后無法打開。有問題。
有點(diǎn)疑問,用opensession()打開的session什么時(shí)候close,spring會(huì)幫你close嗎。
# re: Struts+Spring+Hibernate開發(fā)實(shí)例 回復(fù)
代碼地址沒有問題,可以新開一個(gè) IE 地址中輸入http://www./Files/limq/StudentManger.rar 就可以下載。
至于你說的Session問題,我參考的是
Spring Framework之最佳實(shí)踐: http://www./tech/Spring/46.htm
我的理解是最終Session還是要交給Sping 處理的。
# re: Struts+Spring+Hibernate開發(fā)實(shí)例 回復(fù)
Spring可以減少開發(fā)中的close,比如普通的connection、ps、rresultset等等,Hibernate的session它也可以幫助close# Struts+Spring+Hibernate開發(fā)實(shí)例(轉(zhuǎn))[TrackBack] 回復(fù)
Ping Back來自:blog.csdn.net輕舟引用了該文章,地址:http://blog.csdn.net/maomaochong713/archive/2005/09/22/486875.aspx
# 提點(diǎn)建議 回復(fù)
提點(diǎn)建議:粗略看了一下,做為教學(xué)示例,這個(gè)例子很好,但下載的代碼好象沒有文中提到的這么多內(nèi)容,例如管理員模塊,教師,班級,系的增刪除查改好象都沒有,而且資源文件也不齊,致使運(yùn)行出錯(cuò),希望作者完備一下,
并在下載的程序中增加一個(gè)readme.html文件,把運(yùn)行過程要注意的一些問題和配置中要注意的事項(xiàng)說清楚,免得浪費(fèi)調(diào)試時(shí)間,
# re: Struts+Spring+Hibernate開發(fā)實(shí)例 回復(fù)
非常不錯(cuò),對于session的close問題,如果用了singleton模式的話,是不用關(guān)閉的。
如果關(guān)閉了,下次你還得再建一個(gè)。
這種東東應(yīng)是反復(fù)使用的。
# re: Struts+Spring+Hibernate開發(fā)實(shí)例 回復(fù)
如果可以把正項(xiàng)目做完整,打包到網(wǎng)上。我將感激不盡!謝謝?。?!# re: Struts+Spring+Hibernate開發(fā)實(shí)例 回復(fù)
還是很不錯(cuò)的代碼 ,特別是對于剛開始接觸spring的人來說可能是很大的幫助。。。謝謝先。
不過象上面說的:
# re: Struts+Spring+Hibernate開發(fā)實(shí)例
如果可以把正項(xiàng)目做完整,打包到網(wǎng)上。我將感激不盡!謝謝!??!
是不錯(cuò)的建議。。。